Part 1 Answer the following questions. Avoid plagiarism! Use your own examples to illustrate your answers

Comment on semantic grouping of vocabulary: morphological classes, lexico-grammatical classes, terminology classes, thematic groupings and ideographic groupings.

A further subdivision within the lexico-grammatical groups is achieved in the well-known thematic groups, such as terms of kinship, names for parts of human body, colour terms, military term and so on. When grammatical meaning is not taken into consideration, we obtain the so-called ideographic groups. Words and expressions are classed here not according to their lexico-grammatical meaning but strictly according to their signification, i.e. to the system of logical notions. The ideographical subgroups are independent of classification into parts of speech.

5. 
   Explain what the semantic shift of the root meaning of a word is. Provide detailed examples.
   

When over time a word takes on additional meanings. This phenomena is called semantic shift of roots. Example: gay. Before 1900 it only meant carefree, having a happy time. Now it is almost always is used to refer to someone who is homosexual. The word now has additional meanings. The semantic of the word has shifted.

ASSIGNMENT 2

1. 
   Analyze the semantic structure of the following words:
   

Friendship, beauty, eternity, tranquility, death

Sample has been provided for you: In the semantic structure of the word youth three lexico-grammatical variants may be distinguished: the first is an abstract uncountable noun, as in the friends of one’s youth; the second is countable personal noun “a young man” that can be substituted by the pronoun he in the singular and they in the plural; the third is a collective noun “young men and women” having only one form, that of the singular, substituted be the pronoun they

In the semantic structure of the word Friendship three lexico-grammatical variants may be distinguished:

• 
  the first is an abstract uncountable noun, as in our friendship;
  
• 
  the second is countable noun “relation between friends”;
  
• 
  the third is a collective noun “group of ” having only one form, that of the singular, substituted be the pronoun they
  

In the semantic structure of the word beauty three lexico-grammatical variants may be distinguished:

• 
  the first is an abstract uncountable noun, as in this woman’s beauty;
  
• 
  the second is countable personal noun “beautiful woman” that can be substituted by the pronoun she in the singular;
  

In the semantic structure of the word eternity three lexico-grammatical variants may be distinguished:

• 
  the first is an abstract uncountable noun, as in I will love you for all eternity;
  
• 
  the second is singular noun “an extreme long time”;
  
• 
  the third is a plural noun “any of aspects of life and thought hat are considered to be timeless”
  

In the semantic structure of the word tranquility three lexico-grammatical variants may be distinguished:

• 
  the first is an abstract uncountable noun, as in an atmosphere of peace and tranquality;
  
• 
  the second is countable noun “peacefullness” that can be substituted by the pronoun it in the singular and they in the plural;
  

In the semantic structure of the word death three lexico-grammatical variants may be distinguished:

• 
  the first is an abstract uncountable noun, as in cause of death; it isend of life.
  
• 
  the second is countable noun “the fact of somebody dying or being killed”;
  

2.