Мe
morchilik va qurilish muammolari
2016 йил, №2 сон
41
less, main complex of ensemble are three build-
ings - schools, the khanakh and a mosque which
looking to the city side. There is the mosque with
rectangular hall on the north side, on the south
side there was a wide khanaka with small mud-
slides in the corners with flat intersection. They
rectangular formed area and two mudslides fill the
lined madrasah, the front area forms the outside
and inside of the mosque there is a minaret on the
main point of the ensemble. This vertical element
connects front side of the building to the surround-
ing environment. Thus, contrary to all the laws of
the formation of the ensemble, the ensemble of
Chor Bakr was established. The area of the build-
ing combines buildings with surrounding envi-
ronment without separation. That makes a unique
of this ensemble. The arch of mosque and khanaka
is symmetry. It was rounded with mosaic belt with
writings on it. Sides of it is filled with the two-
storey mudslide. That is not typical for these types
of buildings. The interior of the mosque and
khanaka were done skillfully. "Ling blow" method
is reflected beautifully on it. “Chor-Zamin” was
used for the covering of the dome system. It is
especially visible in the mosque. The rectangular
design of the chapel altered into the square shape,
and the square was the basis of the narrow column
which support dome [4].
The ensemble Qizbibi is located 30 km far
from Bukhara city. In the past, these lands were
the downstream of the Zarafshan River. In XVI
century, this land turned into a sandy area due to
the frequent changes of the water level in the river
and water shortage brought. Exactly at this time
many ancient villages eliminated. The recovering
was observed in XVIII century. In this century ,
construction of the ensemble Qizbibi was finished.
Women khanaka - entrance gate of Qizbibi facing
to the south. The ensemble consists of three court-
yards. On the veranda there is a marble tomb-
stones Qizbibi grave, Mosque-Khanakah, “chillk-
hona”, kitchen, bathroom combined with a clean-
ing room, lining mudslides. Various functional
rooms seem constructed sequential. Such ensem-
bles are specific to the first half of the Middle
Ages. Sufis absolutely isolated from the world
lived in the courtyard not going out. The ensemble
had been erected bySodiqjon the minister(vazir) of
Mir Arab for Mrs. Mastura (Qizbibi’s real names).
Mastura khanum was Sufi and according to legen-
dary, the disappeared in of one of mudslide of
khanakha. The local people believe that The spirit
of Qizbibining still lives there.
A lot of females visit there to ask for the hap-
piness or children. The Composition of the en-
semble is simple and has the local character. It is
not distinguished with complex solutions and so-
phisticated majesty. The subordinate element of
ensemble is khanakah, is has averag in size, built
in the traditional building style.
The formed architectural ensembles of Buk-
hara is divided into external ensemble of the city
ensemble of the city, community ensembles. Big
external ensembles were formed based on the un-
der the idea of creation of the garden art, or ex-
pansion of the holy places. Sitara-i Mohi Khosa
complex harmonized the combination of local and
European architecture, Bahauddin Naqshbandi
complex reflects the Bukhara architecture of Buk-
hara; Chor Bakr ensemble is unusual, excellent
idea with perfect experimental results. In addition
to, Abdukholik Gijduvoni and Qizbibi shrine ar-
chitectural ensembles formed in the outskirt of the
a holy place of the town.
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