Chapter 10: International Police Co-operation
269
Throughout the 1990s, the network system was upgraded to ensure that message
exchange became efficient and has been designed for flexibility, providing for the
interaction between the central system and a variety of equipment designed by
different manufacturers. This technology allows for the exchange of other
information such as data and images. Further improvement was attained when the
capacity for messages to be encrypted was achieved, thereby rendering messages
indecipherable to anyone except the intended recipient. Interpol has also developed
the automated search facility (ASF), which allows Interpol NCBs and other official
agencies to consult databases at the General Secretariat. Searches can now be carried
out for information relating to international fugitives; the database holds information
on fugitives, missing persons, stolen works of art and stolen vehicles. Improvements
in technology and the introduction of the Interpol Criminal Intelligence System have
extended the amount of material that can be stored by the organisation, and have
substantially reduced the time needed to answer enquiries received from NCBs.
Arguably, one of the most publicised aspect of Interpol’s work is its circulation of
international notices which provide information relating to photographs and
fingerprints. There are several different categories of notice which are colour coded.
A ‘wanted notice’ is a request for the arrest of a person with a view to extradition
and is known as a red notice. An enquiry notice is published to collect information
about individuals and is known as a ‘blue’ notice.A warning notice is given to provide
information about known offenders operating internationally and is known as a
‘green’ notice. A request for information relating to the tracing of an individual, a
missing person notice, is known as a ‘yellow’ notice and an unidentified body notice
which provides a description of a corpse is known as a ‘black’ notice. The legal basis
for issuing a red notice is a valid arrest warrant issued by judicial authorities in the
requested State, and a commitment to seek the fugitive’s extradition following arrest.
Thus the issuing of a red notice is dependent upon the existence of an extradition
treaty between the relevant States. While a red notice contains identifying information
such as fingerprints and photographs, in urgent cases Member States can issue
‘Diffusions’ which are emails containing limited identifying information. In March
2003 there were approximately 30,000 red notices and Diffusions in circulation of
which nearly 9,000 were issued in 2002. In 2002, over 1,200 arrests were made on the
basis of an Interpol notice.
7
In addition to other updates about developments in crime
and particular offenders, Interpol also circulates notices about stolen property and
provides notices relating to specific
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