Reandpub. Uz

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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POOR PREVENTION MEASURES IN UZBEKISTAN 
X. Kuchkarov 
Andijan State University,
Associate Professor of "Economics",c.e.s. 
Email: 
[e-mail]
 
Abstract:
The article analyzes the role of youth employment in ensuring its 
competitiveness in the labor market. In industrialized countries, the employment system and 
the labor market of young competitive labor resources have been studied. The possibilities of 
using the experience of these states in order to reduce unemployment and increase the 
employment of the population with socially necessary labor are highlighted. 
Keywords:
employment, unemployment, labor market, competitiveness, employment 
programs, foreign experience. 
In the current context of rapid development of the transition to a market economy in 
Uzbekistan, one of the most pressing issues today is to improve the living standards of the 
population through the effective solution of the problem of providing services to the 
population and employment. By providing various services, firstly, the needs of the 
population in services will be met, secondly, the problem of employment of the unemployed 
will be solved, and thirdly, the living standards of the country's population will improve and 
incomes will increase. Therefore, one of the most important areas of research is to increase 
the competitiveness of the labor market and provide them with decent work by providing 
quality educational services to young people in the chosen field. 
Today, the labor market, especially in the context of the instability of its youth 
segment, is characterized by young people who are able to further improve employment 
policy and work with modern technologies and equipment, strategic thinking, rapid and 
flexible response to changes in demand for goods and services. determines the need to ensure 
the flow of staff. In this regard, it is important to make science-based management decisions 
to improve the system of assistance to increase the competitiveness of unemployed youth. 
There is a need to direct this system directly to the needs of sectors of the economy. 

The decline in interest of the unemployed in the services of employment agencies in 
recent years is explained by the following conditions: 
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incompatibility of the offered vacancies with the profession of the unemployed; 

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low salaries for vacancies; 
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temporary nature of jobs; 
Severe, harmful and dangerous working conditions in most of the proposed vacancies, 
etc. Measures aimed at promoting youth careers in the country are insufficient. In our 
opinion, in order to do this, it is necessary to take into account the current and future needs of 
the labor market, the employment of young professionals, the tools of vocational guidance, 
which will ensure the conscious choice of future profession from the beginning of training in 
secondary schools. provide mechanisms for placement and adaptation to the professional 
environment. In addition, it is expedient to establish a special republican scientific-practical 
center, which will be engaged in the study of the practice of psychological and vocational 
guidance and the development of scientific and methodological recommendations in this 
area. 
Today, the mechanism of reproduction of personnel is not working effectively. This is 
due to the fact that the composition of supply in the market of educational services is not 
well coordinated with the structure of demand in the labor market. Despite the growing 
shortage of staff in a number of specialties, this situation persists, which indicates that the 
state and education structures are slow to respond to changes in the socio-economic sphere of 
the country. At present, comprehensive reforms are being carried out in the education system 
in our country, and the use of the experience of developed countries is important in 
determining the direction of reforms in the education system. 
The role of the vocational guidance system in increasing the competitiveness of 
unemployed youth is significant. Since the 70s of the last century, vocational guidance of 
unemployed citizens has become a global trend. Of particular interest is the Swedish model 
for the formation of a career guidance system. The essence of the model is that the first step 
in choosing a profession begins in the sixth grade of school, when students reach the age of 
12. At this age, the level of complexity of the school program is chosen. 
In the basic disciplines (mathematics, English, other languages) you can choose general 
and special courses, as well as additional subjects of general description. This election will 
be held again - in two years. This time, students choose from a variety of gymnasium 
programs (gymnasium - grades 10-12). Theoretical (preparation for higher education), 
theoretical and practical (additional education of the student (education) in the gymnasium, 

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in addition to the higher education, as well as several professions There are some theoretical 
and practical programs (these are training programs for different professions. They consist of 
one year of practice in production for two more years). In between these activities, there is a 
regular 6-week internship in various workplaces - in the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. 
Internships are mandatory for everyone in three different areas (e.g., sales, looking at 
people, and manufacturing). Before the selection in the gymnasium, students are given a 
prospectus with a description of these professions, with a forecast of possible demand for 
various professions. During their studies at the gymnasium, students have the right to receive 
professional advice. During the last academic year, students are introduced to various 
professions, ways of studying, future prospects, etc. information about The country's higher 
education institutions also disseminate information about their programs. Network 
organizations and trade unions advertise their professions. 
The practical characteristics of education in developed economies are an important 
factor in increasing the competitiveness of young people in the labor market. In the process 
of integration relations of enterprises (organizations) with educational institutions, it is 
possible to select talented students and hire them after graduation. For example, Lockheed 
Corporation has offices in 12 leading universities in the United States, where it finds 60% of 
its future employees. 
Information about gifted students is entered into the national database, which is 
available to all employers. Not only in the United States, but all over the world, the highest 
demand for graduates of the most prestigious universities - Princeton, Harvard, Yale, 
Stanford, Columbia, Pennsylvania, Cornell University, Massachusetts and California 
Polytechnic Institutions, etc. They are the ones who receive the largest share of public 
funding for basic research, and students are compulsorily involved in this research, which in 
the future will ensure their high competitiveness in the domestic and foreign labor markets. 
Special attention is paid to the implementation of active programs in the labor market in 
foreign countries, ie a significant part of resources is redistributed in favor of active programs 
(from 0.4% of GDP in the US and Canada to 2% in Sweden), which can be explained by a 
number of reasons. First, the active position encourages every citizen to be more active in 
finding a job, rather than supporting the unemployed, which, in turn, depends on the support 
of income through social payments. reduces (in turn, reduces state budget expenditures), 

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reduces social tensions associated with the difficult psychological state of the unemployed 
(even if they receive a sufficiently high income). 
Second, an active position increases labor productivity, in particular, serves to 
restructure the economy, thus increasing the efficiency of labor resources, because its main 
task is to maximize its efficiency, ie optimally match its mental and physical abilities. is to 
find a job as quickly as possible. 
Today, the mechanism of training and reproduction of personnel in our country does not 
work effectively. This is due to the fact that the composition of supply in the market of 
educational services is not well coordinated with the structure of demand in the labor market. 
Despite the growing shortage of staff in a number of specialties, this situation persists, which 
indicates that the state and education structures are slow to respond to changes in the socio-
economic sphere of the country. 
As in all areas, the effectiveness of education reform is directly related to the creation 
of a flexible system that meets the requirements of market relations. Therefore, in the process 
of reforming the education system, it is important to use the experience of developed 
countries. 
In our opinion, the state policy in the field of training and reproduction in our country 
should be developed on the basis of specific methods, as in foreign countries. To do this, we 
consider the following: 
creation of stages of the education system (secondary, secondary special and higher 
education) that will direct young people to the necessary professions, based on the 
characteristics of our national economy. 
Development of educational programs that allow to quickly adapt to changes in the 
international labor market in the process of creating an education system.