Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка для студентов

3. The Secondary Sentence Parts 
The Object 
The complexity of the object as a sentence member makes difficult to work 
out an adequate approach to describing this phenomenon. Different classifications 
of objects have been proposed both by Russian and foreign scholars. The most 
common ones are as follows: 
1. Objects are divided into direct, indirect and prepositional.
This classification is far from perfect since the principle it is based on is not 
consistent. Direct and indirect objects are singled out on the basis of the contents 
while prepositional objects are differentiated based on the formal feature (presence 
of preposition). Besides, indirect and prepositional objects can overlap.

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2. Objects are grouped into prepositional and non-prepositional.
The drawback of this classification is that the underlying principle is not 
specific uniquely to objects.
3. Prof. Pocheptsov singles out the following types of objects: 
- Object object (
дополнение
объекта
) is a sentence member dependent on 
the verb, adjective or a word of the category of state that denotes an object of 
action or of quality. It can be 
prepositional
or 
non-prepositional
.
- Addressee object (
дополнение
адресата
) denotes a person or an object to 
which some action performed by the subject (if the verb is in the Active Voice) is 
directed.
e.g. I called her.
prepositional
: I sent a letter to her.
non
-
prepositional
: I sent her a letter.
- Subject object (
дополнение
субъекта
) is used with a verb in Passive and 
denotes the doer of the action expressed by the verb. It is always 
prepositional
– 
by/with N