The Interplay of Synonymy and Polysemy


contra mí .  ‘ Menelao got up naked as he was and  THREW himself  onto/against me



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thesis

contra mí


Menelao
got up naked as he was and 
THREW
himself 
onto/against me
’ 
(CdE:19-F, Señales, una )intrahistoria 
(61) 
Una joven
se 
LANZÓ
desde el último piso de un edificio
… 

A young woman
THREW
herself from the top floor of a building’ 
(62) Luego, se 
TIRÓ
en la cama
… 
(CdE:19-F, Debajo de la )cama 
‘Later, s/he 
THREW 
herself 
onto the bed
.’ 
In sentences of this type, the 
INITIATOR
is moving itself. The meaning would likely be 
glossed as ‘jumping’ or ‘lunging’ in English. 
Tirar 
occurs often in the data with this type of 
meaning, but the other verbs also express this meaning. There is usually a connotation of 
using a large amount of force though this may be tempered by context. For example, (60) 
could be a violent action of attacking another or it could be a less forceful event.
Echar
stands out from these other verbs in preferring a less forceful reading.
(63) Nos 
ECHAMOS
bajo un pino

(CdE:19-F, Robo) 
‘We (ourselves)
LAID DOWN
under a pine tree
’ 
This example describes a notion closer to the one implied by lying down. 
Echar
can 
be used to express the movement of one’s body in various ways including lying down. 
Example (62) is related to this sense of the verb.


72 | 
Reflexives (or pseudo-reflexives) also occur when the verbs are combined with 
DIRECTIONALS 
that refer to periods of time or to activities. Instead of throwing oneself to a 
location one can also throw oneself to a time.
(64) Y 
ambos
se 
ARROJAN

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