To date, psychodiagnostics is involved in solving a wide range of problems

3. Differential psychology.
psychodiagnostics.
A. Binet theoretically substantiated and practically proved the possibility
of diagnosing higher mental processes. He first designed a test to measure the
mental development of children.
2. Cultural-historical, in which the psychological methods of studying
culture are called upon to play the main role.
A. Binet and V. Henri played a significant role in the development of
differential psychology. In 1896, with a report on "Individual Psychology", they
opened a new subject area of psychological research - individual differences.
The transition from the study of isolated mental properties to a holistic
individuality stimulated the emergence of a special subject aspect -
psychodiagnostics.
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a direction in psychology that deals with the theory and methodology of
developing and testing psychological tests. The intensive development of
industry, the involvement of large masses of people in the production process,
the acute need of society for highly skilled workers prompted the emergence of
the problem of professional selection and career guidance. The socio-economic
situation prompted the development and use of tests. Testology dealt with the
theory and methodology of developing and testing psychological tests,
determining the criteria for the quality of tests and their standardization.
methodology,
psychology, and the basics of psychodiagnostics, there is a close internal
relationship. Ideas about the patterns of development and functioning of the
psyche are the starting point when choosing a psychodiagnostic design of
psychodiagnostic methods, their use in practice.
The first researcher to use the term intellectual test in the psychological
literature was J. Cattell.
Although the history of psychological diagnostics has a rather long period,
the term “psychodiagnostics” appeared only at the beginning of the 20th
century. Its distribution is associated with the name of the Swiss psychologist,
scientist and physician G. Rorschach. In 1921, his book, Psychodiagnostics,
was published. The monograph was devoted to the possibility of recognizing
mental deviations by interpreting inkblots, or as G. Rorschach himself called
them - a blot.
The history of psychodiagnostics is both the history of the emergence of the
main psychodiagnostic techniques and the development of approaches to their
creation based on the evolution of views on the nature and functioning of the
mental. In this regard, it is interesting to trace how some important psychodiagnostic
methods were formed within the framework of the main schools of psychology.
It can be concluded that, despite the variety of sources underlying the
development of psychological diagnostics, psychodiagnostics has emerged as
an independent applied psychological discipline. The development of
psychological diagnostics was facilitated by the needs in society, primarily the
development of industry, education, medicine, and the military complex in more
accurate quantitative methods for assessing the signs of personality traits. The
starting positions of different authors in the construction of psychodiagnostic
tools are different. At the same time, the goal of psychodiagnostics is common
to them.
4. Testology.
Testology had the strongest influence on the development of psychological
diagnostics as an independent scientific discipline.