Study Notes management accounting acca f2


INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VARIANCE



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Study Notes MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ACCA F

INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VARIANCE:
Individual variances should not be looked in isolation. 
One variance might be interrelated with another and much of it might have occurred only because the 
other, interrelated, variance occurred too. This needs to be taken into account when deciding whether to 
investigate a variance or not. Two variance are interdependent one will usually be adverse and the other 
one favourable here are some examples. 


F2 Management Accounting
Page 91 of 147 
Interrelated variance 
Explanation 
Material price and 
material usage 
If cheaper materials are purchased in order to obtain a favourable price 
variance, materials wastage might be higher and an adverse usage 
variance may occur. If cheaper material is more difficult to handle, there 
might be an adverse labour efficiency variance too. If a decision is made to 
purchase more expensive material, the price variance will be adverse but 
the usage variance might be favourable as the material is easier to use or 
of a higher quality. 
Labour rate and labour 
efficiency 

material 
usage 
If employees are paid higher rates for experience and skills, (using a highly 
skilled team to do some work) might lead to an adverse rate variance and a 
favourable efficiency variance and possibly a favourable material usage 
variance (experienced staff are less likely to waste material). In contrast , a 
favourable rate variance might indicate a longer-than-expected proportion 
of inexperienced workers in the workforce , which could result in an adverse 
labour efficiency variance , and perhaps poor materials handling and high 
rates of rejects and hence an adverse materials usage variance. 
Selling price and sales 
volume 
The connection between selling price and sales volume is perhaps an 
obvious one. A reduction in the selling price might stimulate bigger sales 
demand, so that an adverse selling price variance might be counter 
balanced by a favourable sales volume variance. Similarly, a price rise 
would give a favourable price variance, but possibly at the cost of a fall in 
demand and an adverse sales volume variance. 
Variable and fixed 
production overhead 
efficiency variances and 
other variances 
Because the variable and fixed production overhead efficiency variances 
are the same , in hours , as the labour efficiency variance, any 
interrelationship between other variances and the labour efficiency variance 
apply equally to the variable and fixed production overhead efficiency 
variances. So if there is an interrelationship between a favourable labour 
rate variance and an adverse labour efficiency variance, there will also be 
interrelationships between the favourable labour rate variance and adverse 
variable and fixed production overhead efficiency variances. 

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