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Basic Management Functions



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Fundamentals-of-Management-8th-Edition-Ricky-Griffin-978-1285849041

Basic Management Functions
Regardless of level or area, management involves the four basic functions of planning
and decision making, organizing, leading, and controlling. This book is organized around
these basic functions, as shown in Figure 1.2.
Planning and Decision Making
In its simplest form,
planning
means setting an
organization’s goals and deciding how best to achieve them.
Decision making
, a part of
the planning process, involves selecting a course of action from a set of alternatives.
Planning and decision making help managers maintain their effectiveness by serving as
guides for their future activities. In other words, the organization’s goals and plans
clearly help managers know how to allocate their time and resources. Part 1 of this
book is devoted to planning and decision-making activities and concepts.
Organizing
Once a manager has set goals and developed a workable plan, his or her
next management function is to organize people and the other resources necessary to
carry out the plan. Specifically,
organizing
involves determining how activities and
planning
Setting an
organization’s goals
and deciding how
best to achieve them
decision making
Part of the planning
process that involves
selecting a course of
action from a set of
alternatives
organizing
Determining how
activities and
resources are to be
grouped
6
Part 1:
An Introduction to Management
Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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resources are to be grouped. Although some people equate this function with the crea-
tion of an organization chart, we will see in Part 3 that it is actually much more.
Leading
The third basic managerial function is leading. Some people consider leading
to be both the most important and the most challenging of all managerial activities.
Leading
is the set of processes used to get members of the organization to work together
to further the interests of the organization. We cover the leading function in detail in
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