«разработка и использование нестандартных заданий по физике для учащихся общеобразовательных школ»

47 
АДИАБАТИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОЦЕСС- ADIABATIC PROCESS 
Adiabatic, or adiabatic process (from other Greek, 
ἀ
διάβατος - "impassable") is 
a thermodynamic process in a macroscopic system, in which the system does 
not exchange heat with the surrounding space. A serious study of adiabatic 
processes began in the eighteenth century 
48 
МОЛЕКУЛА – A MOLECULE 
A molecule (a new molecular, a diminutive of the Latin moles - mass ) is an 
electrically neutral particle formed from two or more atoms bound by covalent 
bonds. In physics, monatomic molecules, that is, free (chemically unconnected) 
atoms (for example, inert gases, mercury, etc.) are also regarded as molecules. 
The enumeration of molecules of monatomic molecules, that is, free atoms, for 
example monatomic gases, leads to the combination of the concepts "molecule" 
and "atom" . Usually it is assumed that the molecules are neutral (do not carry 
electric charges) and do not carry unpaired electrons (all valences are saturated); 
Charged molecules are called ions, molecules with multiplicity different from 
unity (that is, with unpaired electrons and unsaturated valences) - radicals. 
49 
ВНУТРЕННЯЯ ЭНЕРГИЯ-INTERNAL ENERGY 
Internal energy is the name adopted for continuous media physics, 
thermodynamics, and statistical physics for that part of the total energy of a 
thermodynamic system that does not depend on the choice of the frame of 
reference and which can vary within the framework of the problem under 
consideration. 
50 
КИПЕНИЕ-BOILING 
Boiling is the intensive transfer of liquid into vapor, which occurs with the 
formation of vapor bubbles throughout the volume of the liquid at a certain 
temperature. Boiling is the intensive transfer of liquid into vapor, which occurs 
with the formation of vapor bubbles throughout the volume of the liquid at a 
certain temperature.