C H A P T E R 4 . U N D P C O N T R I B U T I O N T O N A T I O N A L D E V E L O P M E N T R E S U L T S
3 5
interviewed gave very strong support to cooperation
between UNDP and GEF, and recent final and
mid-term evaluations of the projects have
reflected satisfactory or highly satisfactory results
for implemented projects.
55
Since 2000, UNDP has concentrated biodiversity
conservation efforts on two projects and
processes, namely to the establishment of the
Nuratau-Kyzylkum Biosphere reserve and on
the
conservation
of
the Tugai-forest
in
Karakalpakstan. These are the only new major
conservation
areas
established
since
the
independence of Uzbekistan.
The future of the Biosphere reserves and
protected areas is dependent on how well the
management and funding of these areas can be
organized, and on the successful development of
linkages to nature-based and ecological tourism.
The initial establishment has been successful, and
the measures taken have been effective and
relevant. However, in the short term the reserves
should be changed from a supply-orientation to a
controlled market-orientation, which requires a
clear and concise development approach. This
will be among the main challenges to the
projects’ survival after the project-cycle, as the
2007 Terminal Evaluation report of the UNDP-
GEF project “Establishment of Nuratau-
Kyzylkum Biosphere Reserve Project as a Model
for Biodiversity Conservation in Uzbekistan”
presents. These issues mainly concern the
sustainability of the projects, and can be most
appropriately assessed in the long term.
In stakeholder discussions, the only critical
comments regarding biodiversity projects and
activities concerned the lack of participatory
approaches in projects’ preparatory phases.
Despite a concentration of expertise in the
relevant scientific and other professional organi-
zations in Uzbekistan, this expertise is not
sufficiently used in project preparations. This
relates to biodiversity projects, land degradation
and sand stabilization activities. Nevertheless, the
main concern is the weak capacity to monitor the
state of the environment: there are neither
sufficient technical nor human capacities in these
fields. This worry is shared not only by all
relevant organizations in the environment field,
but also by most stakeholders interviewed. The
majority of stakeholders claimed that the highest
profile crises that will influence the future of
Uzbekistan—even in the mid-term—will be
environmental in nature.
Uzbekistan needs more environmental projects,
and emphasis should be placed on accelerating
investments in monitoring capacities, strength-
ening the national and local institutes’ capacity to
monitor problems, and involving local populations
in problem solving. This requires closer involve-
ment with international financial institutions and
the EU, and adding value to existing UNDP and
GEF environmental development projects.
UNDP has a clear coordinating role and position
in this process.
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