Microsoft Word 2007 ichrie conference Proceedings Final-Final 06-06-07. doc

Multivariate Analysis of Variance of Perceptions for Three Groups 
________________________________________________________ 
Source
Wilks’
λ
F df
1
df
2
p 
_________________________________________________________ 
Gender
.873 4.444 7 214 .000** 
Group .765 4.390 14 428 .000** 
Gender*Group .910 1.480 14 428 .115 
_________________________________________________________
* p<.05. **p< .01. 
Table 2 
Analysis of Variance for Character, External, Equity, Family Issues, Lack, Advancement,
and Treatment Factors 
Source 
Df F
 P
η
2
Character 
 
 
gender 
1 
1.69 .195 .01 
group 
2 
.63 .534 .01 
External
 
gender 
1 
3.63 .058 .02 
group 
2 
10.03 .000** .08 
Equity
gender 
1 
10.90 .001* .05 
group 
2 
16.13 .000** .13 
Family Issues 
gender 
1 
12.55 .000** .05 
group 
2 
15.54 .000** .12 
Lack
gender 
1 
.24 .627 .00 
group 
2 
2.7 .069 .02 
Advancement
gender 
1 
21.80 .000** .09 
group 
2 
7.62 .001* .07 
Treatment
gender 
1 
.88 .350 .00 
group 
2 
.92 .402 .00 
Error 
226 
* p<.05. ** p<.01. 
Significant gender differences were found for three factors: Equity, F (1,226) = 10.90, p 
≤
.05; Family 
Issues, F (1,226) = 12.55, p 
≤
.01. Advancement, F (1,226) = 21.80, p 
≤
.01. The partial eta squared values for the 
three factors were .05, .05, and .09 respectively. In terms of gender, the mean score for males was lower than 

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