Decision Making Under Risk
A more common decision-making condition is a
state of risk. Under a
state of risk
, the availability of each alternative and its potential
payoffs and costs are all associated with probability estimates.
9
Suppose, for example,
that a labor contract negotiator for a company receives a “final” offer from the union
right before a strike deadline. The negotiator will have two alternatives: to accept or to
reject the offer. The risk centers on whether the union representatives are bluffing. If the
Level of ambiguity and chances of making a bad decision
Lower
Higher
Moderate
Certainty
Uncertainty
Risk
The decision
maker faces
conditions of . . .
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