Service technology is also changing rapidly. And it, too, is moving more and more
toward automated systems and procedures. In banking, for example, technological
robot
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breakthroughs led to automated teller machines and made it much easier to move funds
between accounts or between different banks. Many people now have their paycheck
deposited directly into a checking account from which many of their bills are then auto-
matically paid. Electronic banking—where people can access their accounts, move money
between accounts, and pay bills—has become commonplace. Moreover, the capabilities
to do these things have been extended from personal computers to cell phones and
other personal electronic communication technologies.
Hotels use increasingly sophisticated technology to accept and record room reser-
vations. People can now, for instance, check in online and stop by the front desk
only long enough to pick up their room key. Universities use new technologies to
electronically store and provide access to books, scientific journals, government
reports, and articles. Hospitals and other health-care organizations use new forms of
service technology to manage patient records, dispatch ambulances and emergency
medical technicians (EMTs), and monitor patients’ vital signs. Restaurants use tech-
nology to record and fill customer orders, order food and supplies, and prepare food.
Given the increased role that service organizations are playing in today’s economy,
even more technological innovations are certain to be developed in the years to
come.
10
The “Leading the Way” feature highlights how technology can assist even
artistic performances.
IMPLEMENTING OPERATIONS SYSTEMS THROUGH
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
After operations systems have been properly designed and technologies developed, they
must then be put into use by the organization. Their basic functional purpose is to con-
trol transformation processes to ensure that relevant goals are achieved in areas such as
quality and costs. Operations management has a number of special purposes within this
control framework, including purchasing and inventory management. Indeed, this area
of management has become so important in recent years that a new term—supply chain
management—has been coined. Specifically,
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