The astrological theory of Abu Ma‘shar al-Balkhi
Under the historical conditions outlined earlier thrived Abu Ma‘shar
al-Balkhi who worked under the patronage of al-Ma’mun. The com-
mon Arabic term for astrology is adopted in The Great Introduction: ‘ilm
ahkam al-nujum, the science of the stars’ judgements. The words of this
term can be seen as the organizing principles of Abu Ma‘shar’s defence
of astrology as he begins with presenting astrology as a legitimate sci-
ence (‘ilm), discusses the nature and operations of the stars (nujum), and
then highlights the nature of the events that the stars signify and judge
(ahkam).
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