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Basic meanings and main rules of chemistry
Basic concepts of chemistry
Molecule- the smallest unit, representing properties of a substance,
consisting of a group of atoms, into which a substance can be divided without a
change
in its chemical nature
Atom - positively charged nucleus made of neutrons and protons,
surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
Types of exact substances that consist of atoms with the same number of
protons in their nuclei are called chemical elements. For example :any of the
elements in periodic table, Mn, Fe, O, Si, Hg
A substance that consists of only one element is called simple substance.
The number of simple substances is over 400.
A substance formed by a chemical reaction of two or more elements in fixed
amounts relative to each other is called compound substance. For example: NaCl,
CaCO
3
, H
2
SO
4
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