Prominent OSS Packages
There are quite a number of mainstream OSS applications. Many of these appli-
cations literally run the Internet or are used for back-end support. The
Apache Project is one of the more notable (www.apache.org). Apache is a World
Wide Web (HTTP) server. It started out its life in the mid '90's as NCSA's
httpd application, the Web server beneath the first graphical Web browser. The
name for the application -- Apache -- is a play on words. It has nothing to do
with indians. Instead, in an effort to write a more modular computer program,
the original httpd application was rewritten as a set of parts, or patches,
and consequently the application is called "a patchy server." Few experts
would doubt the popularity of the Apache server. According to Netcraft, more
HTTP servers are Apache HTTP server than any other kind. [14]
MySQL is a popular relational database application. It is very often used to
support database-driven websites. It adhears to the SQL standard while adding
a number of features of its own (as does Oracle and other database vendors).
MySQL is known for its speed and stability. The canonical address for MySQL is
www.mysql.org.
Sendmail is an email (SMTP) server used on the vast majority of Unix comput-
ers. This application, developed quite a number of years ago is responsible
for trafficing much of the email messages sent throughout the world. Sendmail
is a good example of an application supported by both a commercial institution
as well as a non-profit organization. There is a free version of sendmail,
complete with source code, as well as a commercial version that comes with
formal support. See www.sendmail.org.
BIND is an acronym for the Berkeley Internet Name Domain, a program converting
Internet Protocol (IP) numbers, such as 17.112.144.32 into human-readable
names such as www.apple.com. It is a sort like an old fashioned switchboard
operator associating telephone numbers with the telephones in people's homes.
BIND is supported by the Internet Software Consortium at www.isc.org.
Perl is a programming language written by Larry Wall in the late '80's. It too
runs much of the Internet since it is used as the language of many common
gateway interface (CGI) scripts of the internet. Wall originally created Perl
to help him do systems administration task, but the language worked so well
others adopted it and it has grown significantly. Perl is supported at
www.perl.com.
Linux is the most familiar OSS application. This program is really an operat-
ing system -- a program directly responsible converting human-readable com-
mands into computer (machine) language. It is the software that really makes
computers run. Linux was originally conceived by Linus Torvols in the late
'80's because he wanted to run a Unix-sort of operating system on Intel-based
computer. Linux is becoming increasingly popular with many information tech-
nology (IT) professionals as an alternative to Windows-based server applica-
tions or proprietary versions of Unix. See www.linux.org.
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