What is OSS
OSS is both a philosophy and a process. As a philosophy it describes the in-
tended use of software and methods for its distribution. Depending on your
perspective, the concept of OSS is a relatively new idea being only four or
five years old. On the other hand, the GNU Software Project -- a project advo-
cating the distribution of "free" software -- has been operational since the
mid '80's. Consequently, the ideas behind OSS have been around longer than you
may think. It begins when a man named Richard Stallman worked for MIT in an
environment where software was shared. In the mid '80's Stallman resigned from
MIT to begin developing the GNU -- a software project intended to create an
operating system much like Unix. (GNU is pronounced "guh-NEW" and is a recur-
sive acronym for GNU's Not Unix.) His desire was to create "free" software,
but the term "free" should be equated with freedom, and as such people who use
"free" software should be:
1.
free to run the software for any purpose
2.
free to modify the software to suit their needs
3.
free to redistribute of the software gratis or for a fee
4.
free to distribute modified versions of the software
Put another way the term "free" should be equated with the Latin word "lib-
erat" meaning to liberate, and not necessarily "gratis" meaning without return
made or expected. In the words of Stallman, we should "think of 'free' as in
'free speech,' not as in 'free beer.'"[1]
Fast forward to the late '90's after Linus Torvalds successfully develops
Linux, a "free" operating system on par with any commercial Unix distribution.
Fast forward to the late '90's when globally networked computers are an every
day reality and the .com boom is booming. There you will find the birth of the
term "open source" and it is used to describe how software is licensed:
•
the license shall not restrict any party from selling or giving away soft-
5
ware
•
the program shall include source code and must allow distribution of the
code
•
the license shall allow modifications and derived work of the software
•
the license may restrict redistribution only if patches (fixes) are in-
cluded
•
the license may not discriminate against any person or group of persons
•
the license may not restrict how the software is used
•
the rights attached to the program must apply to all whom the software is
redistributed
•
the license must not be specific to a product
•
the license must not contaminate other software by place restrictions on it
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