National university of uzbekistan named after mirzo ulugbek english philology department

2.2. Similarities of irony in Uzbek and English writings
Contextual analysis consists in discovery of linguistic context’s main types, in the framework of which realized analyzing device irony. And at last functional pragmatic aspect of analysis stipulates character’s discovery of stylistic information, given SD irony. Language materials analysis method, suggested in above mentioned works used in studying the peculiarities of SD irony taken fragments from literary texts of M.Twain`s stories.
SD irony’s materialization examples words including word combinations, can serve the titles of M,Twain`s stories: The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Cavaliers County, A Mysterious visit. In the name of M.Twain`s story ―The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Cavaliers County, adjective, celebrated acquire contextual meaning opposite to dictionary meaning: as known from the context of the story. The context of the story A Mysterious Visit also witnesses about ironical meaning of adjective mysterious using the materialization of SD irony by word as word combination two structural models turned out more typical: A+N adjective + noun and Adv+A Adverb + 56 adjective.
As the example of the first structural models can serve above given names of stories: The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Cavaliers County and A Mysterious Visit these word combinations ironic sensual pirots are adjectives: celebrated and mysterious. It can be noticed that ironical realization of these word combinations happens during acquaintance with the context of works. As the example of the second structural model can serve word combinations exquisitely absurd in the sentence below from M.Twain`s story: To me the spectacles of a man drifting serenely along through such a queer yarn without ever smiling, was exquisitely absurd (M.Twain. The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Cavaliers County p.20) Given sentence – is the discussion part of the stories character about a Saymon Wyller who told his improbable story without any smile. Stylistic device irony materialized word combination exquisitively absurd: where ironical sensual pirot is adjective absurd.
Let’s consider the materialization of SD irony’s word combination, when both components of this word combination make ironical comprehension SD irony’s materialization as separate word illustrated as following. SD irony is materialized by the adjective ―tender‖ in word combination ―the tender laws. By means of irony the author expresses pretended surprise with ―justice such laws were modern for England. The function of good-natured laughter SD irony is demonstrated by the example taken from J.K.Jerome`s novel: ―To settle the dispute, we appealed to the boy. We told him not to be afraid, but to speak the plain truth. Was it the fossil of a pre-Adamite whole, or was it an early poman coffin.
The boy said it was the pride of the Thames. We thought this a very humorous answer on the part of the boy at first, and somebody gave him two pence as a reward for his ready wit; but when he persisted in keeping the joke, as we thought, too long, we got waked with him.
SD irony is expressed by combination ―The pride of the Thames. This boat is such ramshackle, ugly, that such name ―The pride of the Thames can be accepted only as a good-natured laughter. Simultaneously with this example can be illustrated the other function of pretended admiration well knowing his boats ramshackleness and ugliness, the owner of boat station names this riding boat with the name ―The pride of the Thames<sup>12</sup>.
The last example from M.Twain`s story contains SD irony’s function of annoyance: But what of it? It is noting more than thousands of the richest and proudest, and most respected, honored, and courted men in America do every year. And so I don’t care. I am most ashamed. I shall simply for the present, talk little.
Remind, that in this example, analyzed above, the talk is about a gentlemen, who lost his money for his trustfulness.
SD irony materialized by word combination ―I am not ashamed‖. By the means of given device is expressed the stories character. The research of language nature and also contextual condition stylistic devices realization and functioning allows to define the linguistic parameters of present language phenomenon. An important role plays form in any communication in which contains information. In texts of non-literary plan information more or less easily coded, as in such texts form gas context, preferment it system of language.
It’s natural. That means that form basically does its fixed task (function). Information in such texts if it’s the result of any research, skill, discussion, suggestion – acquires conceptualness. Form doesn’t take specific context in literary works. It carries sometimes important share of information. This information is called additional, or highsensual, stylistic. In concrete realizations in literary texts is constantly keeps its aesthetic value.
Communication as any category, determined for passing to accepter (listener) informations about happenings or which are going to happen in 58 future. Communication is existentional by its form. Communication doesn’t possess conceptualness. That’s why in many cases communication in deprived any kind of explicator of emotional-subjective character.
Our task is to from inside. As a confirmation of this statement, we are giving following fragment of text, taken from M.Twain`s story: P.S. Citizens of Hadleyburg: There is no best remark-nobody made one. There wasn’t any pauper stranger, nor any twenty-dollar contribution, nor any accompanying benediction and compliment these are all institutions. Allow me to tell my story it will take but a word or two. I passed through your town at a certain time, and received a deep offence which I had earned. Any other man would have been content to kill one or two of you and call it square, but to me that would have been a to kill one or two of you and call it square, but to me that would have been a trivial revenge, and inadequate: for the dead do not suffer. Besides, I could not kill you all and, anyway, made as I am, even that would not have satisfied me. I wanted to damage every man in the place, and every woman and not in their bodies of their estate, but in their vanity the place where feeble and foolish people are most vulnerable. So I disguised myself and came and studied you¹³.
You were easy game. You had an old and lofty reputation for honesty, and naturally you were proud of it was your treasure of treasures, the very apple of your eye. It would be noted, that ironically comprehension of this fragment is known by getting acquainted with the context of the story.
1. A sak for a while, frozen which horror and then, in the listlessness of despair. I again turned over the pages. I came to typhoid fever- read the symptoms – discovered that I had typhoid fever, must have had it for months without knowing it – wondered what else I had got, turned up st.
2. Vitus`s Dance – found as I expected, that I had that too, – began to get interested in my case, and determined to sift it to the bottom, and so started 59 alphabetically – read up ague, and learnt that I was sickening for it, and that the acute stage would commence in about another fortnight. Bright`s disease I was relieved to find, I gad only in a modified form, and, so far as what concerned, I might live for years. Cholera I had, with severe complications and then diphtheria I seemed to have born with. I plodded conscientiously through the twenty-six letters, and the only malady I could conclude I had not got was housemaids knee.
3. Students would have no need to ―walk the hospitals‖, if they had me. I was a hospital in myself.
4. I am a chemist. If I was a co-operative stores and family hotel combined, I might be able to oblique you. Being only a chemist hampers me.
5. And they didn’t give me pills: they gave me clumps on the side of the head. And, strange as it may appear, those clumps on the head often cured me – for the time being. I have known one clump on the head have more effect upon my liver, and make me feel more anxious to go straight away then and there and do what was wanted to be done, without further loss of time, than a whole box of pills does now.
6. ―Good sailor! he replied in answer to a mild young man’s envious query: ―well, I did feel a little queer once, I confess. It was off Cape Horn. The vessel was wrecked the next morning.
7. He said he didn’t very well understand how George was going to sleep any more than he did now, seeing that there were only twenty-four hours in each day, summer and winter alike; but thought that if he did sleep any more he might just as well be dead, and so save his board and lodging.
8. Aunt Maria would mildly observe that, next time Uncle Podger was going to hammer a nail into the wall, she hoped he’d let her know in time, so that she could make arrangements to go and spend a week with her mother while it was being done.
9. Harris said there was nothing like a swim before breakfast to give you an appetite. He said it always gave him an appetite. George said that if it was going to make Harris eat more than Harris ordinarily ate, then he should protest against Harris having a bath at all.
10. I got the bag finished at last, and I sat on it and stopped it. ―Aren’t you going to put the boots in? said Harris. And I looked round, and found I had forgotten them.
11. There was one hanging up in a hotel at Oxford at which I was staying last spring, and when I got there, it was pointing to ―set fair. It was simply pouring with rain outside, and had been all day and I couldn’t quite make matters out. I tapped the barometer, and it jumped up and pointed to ―very dry. The boots stopped as he was passing, and said he expected it meant tomorrow. I fancied that may be it was thinking of the week before last, but Boots said, No, he thought not‖.
12. She was metes on public-houses, was England’s Virgin Queen. There is scarcely a pub of any attractions within ten miles of London that she does not seem to have looked in at, or stopped at, or slept at, some time or other.