National Development Strategy Croatia 2030: Roadmap for a Better Future


EU funds can help boost public and private investment and shift its composition towards growth



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EU funds can help boost public and private investment and shift its composition towards growth 
inducing areas and environmental sustainability.
Large amounts of EU funds tend to be invested in 
areas that are critical for improving Croatia’s competitiveness, such as research, development and innova-
tion; entrepreneurship; labor market and education; energy transition; ICT and others. These areas include 
investments in both tangible and intangible assets. The latter are particularly important as they often include 
activities related to knowledge creation and lead to improvements in labor productivity. Furthermore, sub-
stantial resources are devoted to energy efficiency, to ensure compliance with environmental directives, 
and to ensure protection of natural assets. 
Encouraging labor supply and investing in people to power future growth 
Labor shortages and skills mismatches in the labor market are increasingly becoming a constraint 
for growth.
Policy actions are needed to address adverse demographic trends including emigration, low 
labor force participation, comparatively poor education outcomes, and inefficiencies in the provision of 
health services.
A demographic crisis and emigration are reducing labor supply
. Croatia’s total fertility rate has de-
clined from 1.5 to 1.4 over 2001-2017, compared to an average increase from 1.5 to 1.6 in the EU over the 
same period. At the same time, society is aging: the share of people aged over 65 has increased from 16 
percent to 20 percent in the same period. Recent estimates suggest that close to 270,000 mostly young 
people left the country after accession to the EU amounting to over 15 percent of the labor force. This 
situation presents important challenges, not just for the labor market but also by imposing an increasing 
financial strain on the pension system and on increasing the long-term demand of health care services. 
Family policies, including parental leave, family allowances, and childcare service provision, are the main 
instruments that should be employed to foster demographic renewal through increased fertility. Further-
more, the country should consider liberalizing its policy towards inflow of foreign workers and their fam-
ilies and adopt a proper management of migration.

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