Nargiza kasimova farkhod mukhamedov elkan harebov

 
3.2. Investment Policy of Public-Private Enterprises 
 
Investment policy implies the development of principles of its behavior in 
the investment market to strengthen competitiveness and increase the investment 
attractiveness of the enterprise. 
The essence of investments is that they represent capital investments (real 
investments) aimed at providing the enterprise with production factors, as well 
as investments in the purchase of securities (portfolio investments) that pay off 
over a period of a more operational cycle and require mandatory economic 
justification in connection with uncertainty of risk. 
Investments can be classified according to several criteria. 
Investments by objects are divided into real and financial. With real 
investments, investments are made in the acquisition of equipment, technology, 
etc.; for financial investments — in the authorized capital of other enterprises, 
government securities, etc. 
In the areas of investment can be carried out in the construction of the 
facility; replacement of obsolete equipment, i.e. for reimbursement of fixed 
capital; scientific research that improves, for example, technology; the 
expansion of production, that is, not just the implementation of equipment 
 
48 

---

replacement, but the expansion of its fleet; for the purchase of securities of other 
enterprises, in order to receive further dividends. 
According to the level of goals, investments are divided into strategic and 
tactical. With strategic investments, investments are made to improve the 
competitiveness of the enterprise, i.e. new businesses and technologies are being 
bought; Existing activities are being expanded through equipment upgrades. 
With tactical investments, nothing fundamentally new happens in the enterprise 
-  production capacities are maintained at the existing level through simple 
replacement or overhaul. 
By type of investment product, investments are made in property, property 
rights, in stocks, bonds, etc. 
By subjects of investment, one can distinguish private, state, as well as 
investments of international monetary and financial institutions. Private 
investments are carried out by legal entities and individuals by residents and 
non-residents. Government investments are made by the government of a 
country at the expense of the federal budget. 
An important role of the investment process is the need to manage all 
aspects of investment activity, including such standard functions as: 
- analysis and forecasting strategic, current, and operational planning 
- monitoring (control) and regulation of activities. The specific content of 
these functions varies significantly depending on the level of the subject of 
management. These functions are implemented through the investment policy of 
the enterprise. 
An enterprise’s investment policy is specific purposeful actions related to 
the implementation of the investment process, namely: the selection of 
investment resources, directions, investment objects, assessment of their 
effectiveness and risks, search and selection of sources of financing investments 
(Lebedev, 2010). 
Allocate classification of investment resources (Table 6). 
Table 6.