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History
The military education system of Kazakhstan
Sailan Bolat, professor
Nurbosynova Nazym, master
Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Today, military education system of Kazakhstan, including the Armed Forces of Kazakhstan, the national army, the air force, and the naval
forces were formed, which have become the most important pages in the history of a sovereign country. The national army has come a long way
from the first military units to a constructive system of modern national defense and security.
First President of the country Nursultan Nazarbayev in his Message to the people: «The new Kazakhstan patriotism is the basis for the suc-
cess of our multiethnic and multi faith society. Our main goal in this direction is simple and clear: we must preserve and strengthen public con-
sent.This is a very necessary condition for life as our state, as a society, as a nation.The basis of Kazakhstan’s patriotism — love for the Motherland,
equality of all citizens and their shared responsibility.
The article discusses the formation of a military education system after the issuance of Presidential decrees «on the transformation of the State
Defense Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan into the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan», «On the Establishment of the
Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan» and modern military education institutions.
Keywords: military, armed forces, national army, security, border, doctrine, education system, weapons, air force, national security.
I
n General, Kazakhstan, as an independent country, began creating
its own army and military education system on may 7, 1992 after
the publication of Presidential decrees «on the transformation of the
state defense Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan into the Min-
istry of defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan», «on the creation of
the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan». [1]. On the basis
of the territory of the country to calculate the age, the number of per-
sons, the organization, the polygon, the base of the boundaries, the
folds, the double and the lower boundary of the image of the Soviet
Union in the competence of Kazakhstan. And one more than we
should remember, on this day in the territory of the country, in the
calculations of institutions, units, formations, organizations, training
grounds, a storage base, warehouses, movable and immovable mil-
itary property of the USSR Armed Forces, were transferred to the
competence of Kazakhstan.
In this regard, in the issues of the modern development of the Ka-
zakh army, new requirements and modern challenges were taken into
account as much as possible. Attention was also focused on ensuring
the active participation of the country in activities to comply with
global and regional security. In order to successfully carry out these
works, determine the modern nature of the Armed Forces, create its
legal framework and implement other major tasks, the country’s first
military doctrine was adopted in February 1993 [2].
It includes the principles of the formation of the Kazakhstan
army. This document allowed us to develop our army in a modern
way. Subsequently, in February 2000, the second military doctrine
was approved. He specified the priority areas for the formation and
reform of the Armed Forces. And in the military doctrine, adopted
in March 2007, it was determined to ensure the independence of
the troops of regional commands in matters of solving military se-
curity tasks in certain regions.In particular, the achievement of the
current level of the country’s troops was made possible by fulfilling
the tasks and priorities outlined by the Head of State in connection
with the strengthening of the defense industry.Today, our Armed
Forces are made up of three different structures. These are ground
forces, air defense forces and naval forces. Their potential has been
increased.
In the strategic plan, high-level military groups, special opera-
tional operational response teams for any risks, an information war-
fare component to counter threats in some space have been created
to participate in solving the main problems in crisis situations.Also,
to unite the area of territorial defense of the state, a command and
control body for territorial troops was formed as part of the Armed
Forces. With the coverage of all stages of formation, training of spe-
cialists through the country’s military educational institutions has
been established. At the end of 1991, about 200 thousand people
were in the composition of the troops of the USSR Armed Forces on
the territory of Kazakhstan.
First of all, it was difficult to solve the problem of a specialist.
Since at the beginning of the formation of their army, many offi-
cers who served in Kazakhstan decided to continue or go to reserve
in other CIS countries. In turn, the officers who served in the gen-
eral army of the USSR went to their countries. Because of this, the
rate of departure of officers over two and a half years, i. e. from May
1992 to January 1995, amounted to 89% of the payroll. In this re-
gard, there was a shortage of military specialists in the Armed Forces
of Kazakhstan. The solution to this problem was unbiased. There-
fore, special attention was paid to the training of qualified, profes-
sional personnel at the state level. As you know, the formation of a
modern potential army is directly related not only to the improve-
ment of military equipment and weapons, but also to the educa-
tion of a professional, new military generation.In this regard, over
28 years, a system of training national military specialists has been
formed in the country. Advanced technologies have been introduced
into the educational process of educational institutions of a military
direction, the training base has been expanded to increase the level
of knowledge of specialists.
As a result, over the years of independence, our army was actu-
ally created, a new and whole generation of generals and officers of
the country grew. If we dwell a little on the training of qualified, pro-
fessional military specialists, it covers five levels stipulated by the Law
on Education [3]. These are secondary education, technical and vo-
cational education — master’s and doctoral studies, additional educa-
tion — military department, retraining and advanced training. Sec-
«Молодой учёный» . № 7 (297) . Февраль 2020 г.
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