HERBERT GEORGE WELLS
(1866 - 1946)
The main current of fiction in the 20
th
century reflected the influence of science on
popular thinking. People in general wanted to learn the truth. Scientific facts
formed a wonderland, which was introduced into fiction as a fresh source of
interest. This direct influence of science is illustrated in the writing of Herbert
George Wells.
Herbert George Wells is often called the great English writer who looked into the
future. He devoted more than fifty years of his life to literary work. He was the
author of more than forty novels and many short stories, articles and social tracts.
His novels are of three types: science fiction, realistic novels on contemporary
problems and social tracts.
Wells belonged to the world of science. Science played an important part in his
best works, but the principal theme, even in these works is not science but the
social problems of the day. His creative work is divided into two periods:
The first period begins in 1895 and lasts up to the outbreak of World War I. His
famous works of this period are: ”The Time Machine”, “The Invisible Man”, “The
War of the Worlds”, “The First Men on the Moon”.
The second period comprises works written from 1914 up to the end of World War
II. His most important works of the period are: “The War That Will End War”,
”Russia in the Shadows”, “The World of William Glissold”, “Mr. Blettsworthy on
Rampole Island”, “Experiment in Autobiography”.
Well’s best works are his science fiction. They give the reader from the very
beginning a forward-looking habit and that is exactly what the writer aimed at. He
believed in the great liberation science could bring to man, but he blamed the
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existing system because it used scientific achievements for evil aims. His criticism
goes along two lines:
1. Scientific progress is more advanced than the cultural level of the people and
their moral understanding of how to make use of it. Such being the case, science
will sooner be used for destruction than for the good of mankind.
2. The enormous economic breach between the upper classes and the working
classes is widened by scientific progress. If this process goes on, it will lead to the
degeneration of the human race. In the novels of the second period Wells combines
the criticism of society as a whole with the life of an individual. Thus Wells keeps
up the traditions of the Critical Realism in the English novel.
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