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Biological Cybernetics
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Robert A. Freitas Jr. proposes a future nanotechnology-based brain-uploading system that would effectively be
instantaneous. According to Freitas (personal communication, January 2005), "An in vivo fiber network as
proposed in http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI/7.3.1.htm can handle 10
18
bits/sec of data traffic, capacious
enough for real-time brain-state monitoring. The fiber network has a 30 cm
3
volume and generates 4–6 watts
waste heat, both small enough for safe installation in a 1400 cm
3
25-watt human brain. Signals travel at most a
few meters
at nearly the speed of light, so transit time from signal origination at neuron sites inside the brain to
the external computer system mediating the upload are ~0.00001 msec which is considerably less than the
minimum ~5 msec neuron discharge cycle time. Neuron-monitoring chemical sensors located on average ~2
microns apart can capture relevant chemical events occurring within a ~5 msec time window, since this is the
approximate diffusion time for, say, a small neuropeptide across a 2-micron distance
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instantaneous, at least on the timescale of human neural response, in the sense of 'nothing of significance was
missed.' "
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