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CHAPTER 4 – HALIDE EDIP AND YAKUP KADRI 
160 
unhappiness of married life
111
. The epitome of their close association is that they 
both wrote an 
Ateşten Gömlek
.
111
Enginün 1989, 61-82 follows closely their relationship and also notes occasions when each was critical of a 
work of the other. 

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CHAPTER 5 – TWO SHIRTS OF FLAME 
161 
Halide Edip’s 
Ateşten Gömlek 
is regarded as the first novel to be inspired by the War 
of Independence and is one of the most celebrated. It first appeared in serial form 
with publication commencing in 
İkdam 
14 June 1922. It came out in book form in 
1923
1
and the first, a silent, of a succession of film versions was first shown on 23 
April 1923. An English translation appeared as early as 1924 under the title, 
The 
Shirt of Flame
.
2
. This is not the literal translation of 
Ateşten Gömlek 
which is rather 
Shirt of Fire. That the translator was Halide Edip herself can be inferred from the fact 
that there is no mention of a translator in the English edition and the language is 
characteristic of the language used by Halide Edip in her English language originals 
such as 
The Turkish Ordeal
. 
Both in a preface to the novel and in the 
The Turkish Ordeal 
Halide Edip describes 
the origins of the work. She was inspired by Yakup Kadri who was writing an 
‘Anatolian novel’
3
, while he was staying as her guest in Ankara, where he arrived on 
1 May 1921: “It was in those days that I asked him what he was writing. An 
Anatolian novel called ‘The Shirt of Flame’, he said. And I, who was dimly 
supposing that I also would write an Anatolian novel someday, teased him. ‘Oh, I 
1
Binyazar, 28, footnote 6 
2
I have not been able to consult the original serialised version or the first edition. There may have been verbal 
changes in successive editions. For example, while the English version of 1924 refers to Greeks or infidels the 
1943 edition refers to düşman (enemy). A similar change was effected in later editions of 
Vurun Kahpeye.
3
Kudret II, 76 points out that Ömer Seyfettin was the first writer to use the term ‘Anatolian novel’ in 
Yalnız Efe. 

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