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ФИО авторов: 
Alimov Abrorbek Berganboy o'g'li 
2nd year student of the Faculty of History of urSU 
Yusupova Zebuniso Zafarbek qizi 
2nd year student of the Faculty of History of urSU 
Название публикации:
«TRADE EMBASSY RELATIONS BETWEEN KHIVA 
KHANATE AND RUSSIA» 
Annotation:
This article discusses the relations between the Khiva Khanate and 
Russia, trade and embassy relations, Khiva ambassadors to Russia, Russian 
expeditions to the Khiva Khanate. 
Keywords: 
Khiva, Russia, trade, finance, economy, Allakulikhon, Danilevsky. 
Between the Khiva Khanate and Russia in the second half of the 18th century embassy 
relations have developed significantly. But since the first quarter of the nineteenth 
century Diplomatic relations between the Khiva Khanate and Russia are strained 
began. Between the Khiva Khanate and Russia in the 1930s and 1940s relations 
deteriorated, and in 1836 the connection was severed. August 3, 1836 Khan of Khiva 
on the Orenburg-Bukhara road Emirate of Bukhara attempts to block the passage of 
caravans between Russia and Russia did. In response, the Asian Committee decided; 
Orenburg and on the basis of this decision Temporary detention of Khiva trade 
caravans on Siberian roads, as well as in Astrakhan and their goods were delivered to 
the warehouses. Thus 372 The Khiva trader was temporarily detained on Russian soil. 
The Russian state is trying to influence the policy of the Khiva khanate with this event 
a recent change in policy toward Russia, Russian trade damage caused by the looting 
of caravans by Khiva Khiva, where Russian prisoners of war were temporarily detained 
in Russia swapping for merchants, a way to stop the khan's hostile behavior and the 
Rossi-Khiva Khanate. In 1839-1840 he was sent to Khiva by General Perovsky.The 
expedition ended without result. It is divided between the Khiva Khanate and Russia 
economic and diplomatic relations were restored in 1840. Russia is now a khanate 
when the open occupation failed, the khanate was established through mutual 
diplomacy wanted to learn more.1840 Diplomatic ambassadors headed by the Mufti 
of Allakulikhon Otaniyazkhoja with special certificates and gifts Sent to Orenburg. He 
called for the restoration of economic and diplomatic ties with Russia.Expressed 

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readiness to fulfill all the requirements of the Russian state. Khiva khan soon issued a 
decree on the release of Russian captives in Khiva. Employees of the tsarist 
government in Orenburg, General Perovsky Khiva the ambassadors of the khanate 
were well received. Release of Allakulikhan's Russian Prisoners,Action to restore 
economic and diplomatic relations with Russia actions. Khiva, captured in 1836 in the 
Russian era the merchants were released and their goods returned to them. 
In 1841, under the leadership of Allakulikhon Eshniyaz Muhammad Niyaz sent 
ambassadors to Russia. They arrived in Orenburg on May 13, 1841 they went. Of the 
British on a label written by the khan in the name of the Russian tsar notes the 
intensification of aggression against the eastern countries was found. Great 
preparation for the British conquest of Herat and then Mari what they saw also 
endangered Khiva. Allakulikhan sent British spies to the khanate to get rid of this 
danger in the event of a British attack on Khiva, as well as driving measures.He had 
sent ambassadors to Russia to seek help from Russia. The second part of the khan's 
label is trade between the two countries to determine measures to increase the 
movement of caravans and from traders the same amount of duty was required. Thus, 
the main goal of the ambassadors of Khiva in 1841 was with Russia aimed at improving 
economic and political relations in this area an important decision had been made. To 
the ambassadors of the Khiva khanate in 1840-1841 In response, the Russian 
government prepared to send ambassadors to Khiva. Rus the relationship between 
the government and the ruling circles on both sides was interested in restoration. 
In 1841, Captain Nikifirov and Lieutenant Aitov left Russia for the Khiva Khanate led 
by two topographers, ambassadors consisting of 12 Cossacks from the Urals.They are 
free to Russian traders in all towns and villages of the Khiva khanate granting the right 
to trade, ensuring the inviolability of their goods, rus only one of the goods brought 
in by the merchants and their agents times (at the time of arrival) duty, the price of 
these goods in the presence of Russian officials designation: Arbitrary capture of 
caravans by Khiva residents to prevent the collapse and destruction of the 
fortifications along the Syrdarya, Ending the blockade of caravans from Asia to Russia, 
In the Khiva khanate, as in Iran and Turkey, the duty of Russian caravans is 3-5 
percent.End of slavery in the khanate, release of Russian captives and return to their 
homeland.Both seem to be reluctant to emigrate to Russian immigrant clans they had 
to deal with issues that were important to the state. Ambassadors August arrived in 
Khiva at the beginning of the month. Allakulikhon talks with ambassadors on August 
11-13 spent. But during the conversations that Nikiforov's khan and palace officials 
went be rude, to threaten the khan and his ministers, is against the law.The incidents 

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sparked protests in Khan. Allakulikhon speed convened a meeting of the Supreme 
Council. The Supreme Council is represented by Nikiforov new ambassadors from 
Russia without any response to the questions thrown decided to ask to send. 
Allakulikhon usually has big gifts, 200 gold, a coat and horses, travel expenses.He paid 
14,000 rupees in cash and followed the ambassadors. Thus, the ambassadors headed 
by Nikiforov, along with the new ambassadors of the khan had to return. October 27, 
1841 Olloqulikhon Niyaz Eshboy sent 16 ambassadors to Russia They are 1842, 10 
arrived in St. Petersburg in March. The ambassadors were received by Nicholas I. New 
to Khiva it was decided to send ambassadors.Khiva ambassadors arrived in Orenburg 
from St. Petersburg in May 1842, and are here Together with the Russian 
ambassadors to Khiva, they began preparations for the trip.Orenburg Governor-
General Obruchev led by Lieutenant Colonel Danilevsky determined the composition 
of the ambassadors. Two officer-topographers, brothers Zelenins, 25 Kazakhs, along 
with the merchants and representatives of the khan who joined them on August 1, 
1842.They headed for Khiva. On September 17, the khan's influential men with 300 
soldiers together they met the ambassadors at the Khiva border. On October 19, the 
ambassadors arrived in Khiva they went. Due to Allakulikhan's illness, the Khiva 
khanate raised the Russian draft act during the council's November-December 
meetings was directly involved. His brother, Muhammad Rahimquli, and the ministers 
are Russian held talks with the ambassadors. Rahimquli Iran during the talks on the 
release of prisoners and the establishment of a Russian consulate in Khiva rejected 
the offers. December 25, 1842 between the Khiva Khanate and Russia.The draft act 
was prepared in duplicate in Russian and Uzbek. This act is on December 27th 
Lieutenant Colonel Danilevsky, the khan and the representative of the Russian state 
at the meeting of the Supreme Soviet signed by. There are nine obligations assumed 
by the khan in the act mood, the four obligations of the Russian state marked. No 
further open or covert action against Russia to capture and plunder the Russians in 
the Caspian Sea and in the deserts not to mention that if such cases occur by the tribes 
under the Khiva khanate immediately prosecute the culprits and seize the seized 
goods return to their owners, release of Russian captives, privacy of Russian citizens 
to protect the lives and property of Russian citizens who have died of the Border 
Commission to transfer the property to its heirs delivery to the chief, fugitives from 
Russia and insurgents This is what happened when they were not allowed to seek 
refuge in the Khiva khanate In case of arrest, hand them over immediately to the head 
of the border.Customs duty, with goods belonging to Russian traders to Bukhara via 
the Syrdarya or tax-free caravans to other countries in Asia, Asia without impeding 

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trade with Russia just get a legal duty and all in all matters with the Russian Empire 
time to be friendly on the basis of neighborliness substances khan noted in the 
commitment. Caravans looted by Khiva pirates valued the goods renunciation of the 
claim for payment by the Khiva governors up to that time forgetting the illegal 
protests, to Russia that the citizens of Khiva have full legal rights and that they 
security, Khiva traders coming to Russian lands other to take advantage of the rights 
and privileges granted to Asian traders.The Russian government has taken 
responsibility. This ceasefire agreement has economic and political significance for 
both countries and became a model for other khanates in Central Asia.The 
establishment of relations between the Khanate and Russia dealt a severe blow to the 
colonialists. But the Russian government is more than that his next plans were still 
unknown to the khanates. On December 31, 1842, ambassadors and high 
commanders led by Danilevsky led by Muhammad Amin Avazberdi, elected by the 
council 14.The ambassadors left for Russia and arrived in St. Petersburg on May 13, 
1843 reached. They were well received.Ambassadors Institute of Technology and its 
workshops, a botanical garden, a public library, and similar cultural sites went and 
saw.The value of the goods of the caravans looted by the Khiva robbers renunciation 
of the claim for payment by the Khiva governors up to that time forgetting the illegal 
protests, to Russia that the citizens of Khiva have full legal rights and that they 
security, Khiva traders coming to Russian lands other to take advantage of the rights 
and privileges granted to Asian traders.The Russian government has taken 
responsibility. This ceasefire agreement has economic and political significance for 
both countries and became a model for other khanates in Central Asia KhivaThe 
establishment of relations between the Khanate and Russia dealt a severe blow to the 
colonialists. But the Russian government is more than that Khiva's ambassadors 
received gifts and labels from the Russian state in the khan's name returned. The label 
congratulated the khan on his contract with Danilevsky it is important in the 
development of relations between the two countries importance was once again 
noted. Danilevsky to Khiva heard a report on his visit as head of diplomatic 
ambassadors the military ministers also highlighted his achievements in their 
decisions noted and thanked him. The ambassadors headed by Danilevsky were in the 
field of concluding an agreement with the Khiva khanate while doing important work, 
photographing many parts of the khanate, important information on his economic 
and political situation at that time managed to collect. Danilevsky is based on this 
information.He wrote a valuable work entitled "Description of Khivinskogo khanstva." 
This work is the most important in the study of the history of the Khiva khanate in the 

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mid-nineteenth century is a source. By 1844, the bandit movement was gaining 
momentum.Some articles of the Khiva Khanate-Russia Act were violated. In 1846.The 
khanate again sent ambassadors to Russia, and an agreement was reached between 
the two countries a new movement was launched to strengthen the treaties in all 
respects. In November 1846, the new khan of Khiva, Muhammad Amin (1845-1855) 
Shukurullo and Kilichboy, 10 diplomatic ambassadors Sent to Orenburg. The Khanate 
of Khiva on the basis of the Russian Act of 1842 economic and while announcing the 
continuation of political relations, both to prevent the breakdown of relations 
between the states called for strengthening.