Mavzu: Imom Ahmad ibn Hanbal

8. Imom Ahmad ibn Hanbaliy mazhabidagi yaxshilanishlar:

Mana yuqorida shuncha narsalarni aytib o’tdik. Hanbaliy mazhabidagilar qoziy lafzini umumiy bayon qilmoqchi bo’lishsa bu bilan qozilikka ko’proq o’zlari o’z zamonidagi alloma Muhammad ibn Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Horis ibn Ahmad Faro degan kishi bu kishini laqabi Abu Yalo ko’plar qozi deb Abu Yaloni xoxlashar ekan. Undan keyin “Iqno”, “Muntaho”nomli kitoblarni muallifilariga o’xshash keyingilar ko’proq Abu Alouddin Ali ibn Sulaymon Mardaviyni ya’ni “Insof”kitobini muallifi.Mardaviyni ko’proq Munqe laqbi bilan atashar ekan,chunki bu kishi “Muqnu”kitobini “At-tanbehul mushbeh”shakliga keltirgan edi.Ahmad ibn Hanbaldan keyingi ashoblari agar shayxni umumiy qilmoqchi bo’lsa, ko’proq shayx Mavqufiddin ibn Qudomani tan olishar ekan.Ba’zilar esa keyinchalik o’tgan ibn Taymiyani tan olishar va unga imom ham deb qarashar ekan.Agar ular shayx ikkita deyishsa o’sha Mavquf bilan ibn Taymiyani tan olishar ekan. Keyin ular kitoblarni sharh qiluvchilarni aytib o’tdilar.Bu sharh qiluvchilardan ko’proq Abdurahmon ibn Umar ibn Muqne “Muqne”kitobini sharh qilgan Mavqufning akasining o’g’li yuqorida kelgan Abdurahmon ibn Abu Umarni umumiy tan olishardi. Agar imom Ahmad ibn Hanbaliy fiqhdagi istelohlarni yanada ko’proq o’rganmoqchi bo’lsang doktor Solimning “Mustalahul fiqhul Hanbaliy”kitobini mutoalaa qiling.Yana ibn Bodronni “Al-Mudholu ila ahmad”kitoblari bor.

9. Ustozlari va shogirdlari

Ahmad ibn Hahbal yoshligidan ilmga chanqoq, hadis ilmiga juda qiziqar edilar. Ahnmad ibn Hahbal o’n besh yoshlarida ilm talab qilib boshladilar.O’sha yili imom Molik va Hammod ibn Zayd vafot etgan yil edi. Hanbal degan kishi aytadiki: “Men Abu Abdullohdan eshitgan edim. Men hijriy 179-yili hadis ilmini o’qib boshladim va shu yili Hammodni vafotini ustozim Hishaym ibn Bashrni xuzuridaligimda eshitdim,dedilar. Ahnmad ibn Hahbal r.a.ozgina vaqt Ibrohim ibn Sa’addan hadis ilmini oldilar. Keyin Bog’dodda katta muhaddis Hushaym ibn Bashir al-Vositiyda to’rt yil muntazam o’qib, u kishidan uch mingta hadis yozib oldilar.

Yana Ahmad ibn Hahbal hadis ilmida bu kishilarga ham shogird bo’lganlar”.
Ubbod ibn Ibod al-Mahlabiy,
Mutamir ibn Sulaymin at-Taymiy.
Sufyon ibn Uyayna al-Hiloliy.
Ayub ibn an-Najjor.
Yahyo ibn Abu Zoid.
Ali ibn Hoshim ibn al-Barid.
Qurron ibn Tamom.
Ammod ibn Muhammad as-Sarviy.
Jobir ibn Nuh al-Himoniy.
Ali ibn Gurob al-Qoziy.
Umar ibn Ubayd at-Tanofisiy.
O’zining akalari Ya’lo va Muhammad va Muttolib Ibn Ziyod.
Yusuf ibn al-Mojashun.
Jarir ibn Abdulhamid.
Holid ibn al-Horis.
Bashir ibn al-Mufazzal.
Ubod ibn al-Avvom.
Abu Bakr ibn Iyosh.
Muhammad ibn Abdurrahmon at-Tumaviy.
Abdulaziz ibn Abdusamad al-Ammiy.
Ubodatu ibn Sulaymon.
Yahyo ibn Abdumalik ibn Abig’onniyat.
Nozr ibn Ismoil al-Bojaliy.
Abu Holid al-Ahmar.
Ali ibn Sobit al-Jazariy.
Abu Ubayda al-Hidod.
Ubayda ibn Humayd al-Hizoiy.
Muhammad ibn Salama al-Harroniy.
Abu Muoviya az-Zarir.
Abdulloh ibn Idris.
Marvon ibn Muoviya, G’undor.
Ibni Ulayya, Mahlid ibn Yazid al-Harroniy.
Havs ibn G’iyos .
Abdulvahhob as-Saqafiy.
Muhammad ibn Fuzayl.
Abdurahmon ibn Muhammad al-Mahoribiy.
Valiyd ibn Muslim.
Yahyo ibn Sulaymondan bitta hadis o’rganlar.
Muhammad ibn Hasan al-Muzaniy al-Vosit.
Yazid ibn Horun.Ali ibn Osim.
Muhammad ibn Yazid Al-Vositiy.
Shuayb ibn HarbVakiy bu kishidan ko’plab hadislarni olgan.
Yahyo al-Qatton.
Miskin ibn Bukay.
Anas ibn Iyoz al-Laysiy.
Ishoq al-Azroq, Maoz ibn Maoz.
Maoz ibn Hishom,Abdula’a as-Samiy.
Muhammad ibn abi Adiy.
Abdurahmon ibn Mahdiy.
Abdulloh ibn Numayr
Muhammad ibn Bashar,
Zayd ibn Hubob, Abdulloh ibn Bakr.
Muhammad ibn Idris.Bu kishi ham fiqhiy mazhablar imomlaridan biri.Ahmad ibn Hanbal r.a.Makkai Mukarramada imom Shofe’iydan dars olganlar.Imom Shofe’iy Bag’dodga kelganlarida oralaridagi aloqa yanada mustaxkam bo’ldi.Imom Ahmad ibn Hanbal u kishidan ko’proq ta’lim olishga kirishdi. Hatto imom Shofe’iy Bag’dodan Misrga chiqib ketayotib “Men Bag’dodan chiqdim endi bu shaharda Ahmad ibn Hanbaldan tqvodorroq va faqihroq odam yo’q” dedilar.
Abu Osim, Abdurrazzoq, Abunaim, Affon.
Husayin ibn Ali al-Jufiy.Abu Nazr.
Yahyo ibn Odam, Abdurahmon al- Maqriy.
Hajjoj ibn Muhammad
Abu Omir al-Aqodiy.
Abdusamad ibn Abdulvoris.
Robx ibn Uboda, Asvad ibn Omir.
Vahb ibn Jarir,Yunus ibn Muhammad.
Sulaymon ibn Xarb, Yoqub ibn Ibrohim ibn Sa’ad.
Qatiyba ibn Sa’ad Ali ibn al- Madiniy.
Abu Bakr ibn Abu Shayba , Horun ibn Ma’ruf.
Ahmad ibn Hanbal r.a.ning ustozlarining adadi o’zi rivoyat qilgan “Musnad”ga ko’ra 280 dan ortiqdir.
Ahmad ibn Hanbal r.a.hadis ilmida juda yetuk kishi bo’lib,u kishidan aksar muhaddislar hadis rivoyat qilishgan.Jumladan Imom Buxoriy, Ahmad ibn Al-Hasan,imom Muslim,Abu Davud, Nasoiy, Termiziy, Ibn Mojja orada bir kishi bilan rivoyat qilganlar. Yana u kishidan o’g’illari Solih va Abdulloh, amakisining o’g’li Hanbal ibn Ishoq va o’zining ustozlaridan Abdurrazzoq, Hasan ibn Muso al- Ashyab, Abu Abdulloh ash-Shofe’iy,lekin ash-Shofe’iy imom Ahmadni ismlarini keltirmagan, balki “menga ishonchli odam aytdi”deb hadis rivoyat qilgan. Yana u kishidan Ali ibn al-Madiniy, Yahyo ibn Mo’in, Duhaym, Ahmad ibn Solih, Ahmad ibn Abdulhavoriy, Ahmad ibn Ibrohim ad-Davroqiy,Ahmad ibn Furot, Hasan ibn as-Sabboh al-Baroz, Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn as-Sabboh az-Za’faroniy, Hajjoj ibn Shoir, Rijo ibn Murajja’, Saloma ibn Shabib, Abu Qiloba Ar-Raqqoshiy, Fazl ibn Sahl al-Aroj, Muhammad ibn Mansur at-Tusiy, Ziyod ibn Ayub, Abbos ad-Duvriy, Abu Zara’ta, Abu Xotim, Harb ibn Ismoil al-Karmaniy, Ishoq al-Kavsaj, Abu Bakr al-Asrom, Ibrohib al-Horbiy, Abu Bakr al-Marruvziy, Abu Zarata ad- Damashqiy, Baqiy ibn Mahlad, Ahmad ibn Asrom al-Mug’offaliy, Ahmad ibn Mansur Ar-Ramodiy, Ahmad ibn Muloib, Ahmad ibn Abu Haysuma, Muso ibn Horun, Ahmad ibn Ali al-Abbor Muhammad ibn Abdulloh Mutayyon, Abu Tolib Ahmad ibn Humayd Ibrohim ibn Honiy an-Nisoburiy va shu kishining o’g’li Ishoq ibn Ibrohim, Badr al-Mag’ozamiy, Zakariyyo ibnYahyo an-Noqid, Yusuf ibn Musa al-Harbiy, Abu Muhammad Furovon, Abdus ibn Molik Al-Attor, Yoqub ibn Buxtor, Muhanna ibn Yahyo ash-Shomiy, Hammod ibn Ali al-Qoziy al-Birtiy, Husayn ibn Ishoq Tustariy Ibrohim ibn Muhammad ibn Horis al-Asbaxoniy, Ahmad ibn Yahyo Salab, Ahmad ibn Hasan ibn Abduljabbor as-Sufiy, Idris ibn Abdulkarim al-Haddod, Umar ibn Havs, As-Saduvsi, Abu Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ibrohim al-Bushanjiy, Muhammad ibn Abdurahmon as-Samiy, Abdulloh ibn Muhammad al-Bag’oviy va bir necha kishilar.
Ibn Abu Hotim aytadi: “Solih ibn Ahmad men otamdan eshitdim.U kishi aytgan edilar, Xushaym ibn Bashir ustozim vafot etgach men hijriy 183-yil Kufaga safar qildim. Mening birinchi safarim hijriy 176-yil Basraga keyin hijriy 177-yil Sufyon ibn Uyaynani oldiga bordim. Shu yili Fuzayl ibn Iyoz vafot etgandi. Yana otam aytgandilar men besh marotaba Haj qilganman ulardan uchtasini yurib borib qilganman.Hijriy 179-yil Ibn Muborak keldi. Misrda men ustozim Hushaym ibn Bashrdan birinchi hadisni eshitgandim. Keyin men yana Ibn Muborak huzuriga bordim, lekin u kishi Torsusga ketgan ekanlar. Shundan keyin men Hushaym Ustozimdan uch mingdan ortiqroq hadis yozib oldim. Yana Ahmad ibn Hanbal r.a.ning bir ustozi Abdurahmon ibn Mahdiy ham u kishidan hadislar rivoyat qilgan”.
Solih ibn Ahmad otasidan rivoyat qilib aytadi: “Men 20-yoshga kirganimda ustozim Hushaym ibn Bashir vafot etdilar o’sha vaqtda men u kishidan eshitgan hamma narsani yod olib bo’lgan edim”, edilar.