Dialects
As said at the very beginning of this article, when Norwegians talk, they use their dialects. Dialects are used in school (by teachers and students), on TV, on the radio.
To show how the dialects can vary, here are some ways to say "I" in Norwegian dialects (the Norwegian spelling has been kept): "leg" (standard Dano-Norwegian), "Eg" (standard New Norwegian), "IE", "I", "IE" and "E". That's six different ways of just saying "I"!
Some dialects are closer to the written language than others. Norwegians normally don't have a problem understanding each others dialect; however, certain unusual dialect words can sometimes be troublesome.
The dialects developed around 1000 A.D. due to the natural isolation of people. Valleys, mountains, and fiords along with very bad communications isolated the Norwegians. A much trained ear can hear almost exactly where in Norway a Norwegian is from by listening to his dialect
When children move from one district to one with another dialect, they tend to quickly change to the dialect of their new hometown. Grown-ups won't change in that way, but children are conscious not to stand out. The adults who move from the countryside to the city will often hear their new city friends saying "Talk some more, it's so fun listening to your dialect."
Some dialects are instantly connected to certain traits and characters. This can have a connection to the 1960s when dialects were used in plays to make fun of others.
Socialists are not the same as dialects. While dialects are the way of speaking within a geographical area, sociolects are the way the manner of speaking varies within the social groups. There's not so much difference in the sociolects in Norway today as there was 100-200 years ago. The difference between people has decreased, and at the same time the number of persons with degrees from colleges and universities has increased.
A summary of 1500 years
1500 years is a long time, and during that period the Norwegian language has gone through many stages and undergone many changes. Modern Norwegian has borrowed countless words from German, English, French, Latin, Danish and Swedish, and here's the story of how it all happened. Keep in mind that most references to dates in this article are approximate.
200-700: Runes:
The first runic alphabet had 24 Letters, and it was called "futhark" after the six first Letters in the alphabet. It is believed to have come from early Greek or Latin. The later runic alphabet had only 16 characters and looked like this:
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |