The Lucifer Effect
the Board's judgment. Sarge's show of surprise makes it evident that he meant
what he said and was not attempting to impress the Board or anyone else.
This apparently intrigues Carlo, and he aims to learn about the young man's
private life. Carlo asks about Sarge's family, his girlfriend, what kind of movies he
likes, whether he takes time to buy an ice cream cone—all the little things that,
taken together, give someone a unique identity.
Sarge replies matter-of-factly that he doesn't have a girlfriend, seldom goes to
movies, and that he likes ice cream but has not been able to afford to buy a cone
recently. "All I can say is that after having gone to summer quarter at Stanford and
living in the back of my car, I had a little difficulty sleeping the first night because
the bed was too soft here in prison, and also that I have been eating better in
prison than I had for the past two months, and that I had more time to relax than
I had the last two months. Thank you, sir."
Wow! What a violation of expectation this young man offers us. His sense of
personal pride and stocky build belie his having gone hungry all summer and not
having had a bed to sleep in while he attended summer school. That the horrid liv-
ing conditions in our prison could be a better lifestyle for any college student
comes as a shocker to us all.
In one sense, Sarge seems to be the most one-dimensional, mindlessly obedi-
ent prisoner of all, yet he is the most logical, thoughtful, and morally consistent
prisoner of the group. It occurs to me that one problem this young man might
have stems from his commitment to living by abstract principles and not knowing
how to live effectively with other people or how to ask others for the support he
needs, financial, personal, and emotional. He seems so tightly strung by this inner
resolve and his outer military posturing that no one can really get access to his
feelings. He may end up having a harder life than the rest of his fellows.
Contrition Doesn't Cut the Mustard
Just as the Board is preparing to end this session, Curt announces that Prisoner
5486, the flippant one, wants to make an additional statement to the Board. Carlo
nods okay.
5486 contritely says that he didn't express what he really wanted to say, be-
cause he hadn't had a chance to think about it fully. He's experienced a personal
decline while in this prison, because at first he expected to go to a trial and now
he's given up on his hope for justice.
Guard Arnett, sitting behind him, relates a conversation they had during
lunch today, in which 5486 said that his decline must have been because "he's
fallen in with bad company."
Carlo Prescott and the Board are obviously confused by this transaction.
How does this statement promote his cause?
Prescott is clearly upset at this display. He tells 5486 that if the Board were
going to make any recommendations, "I would see to it personally that you were
here until the last day. Nothing against you personally, but we're here to protect
The Power to Parole 151
society. And I don't think that you can go out and do a constructive job, do the
kinds of things that will make you an addition to the community. You went out-
side that door and you realized that you had talked to us like we were a couple of
idiots, and you were dealing with cops or authority figures. You don't get along
well with authority figures, do you? How do you get along with your folks? But
what I'm trying to say is that you went outside the door and had a little time to
think; now you're back in here trying to con us into looking at you with a differ-
ent view. What real social consciousness do you have? What do you think you
really owe society? I want to hear something real from you." (Carlo is back in
Day 1 form!)
The prisoner is taken aback by this frontal assault on his character, and he
scurries to make amends: "I have a new teaching job. It's a worthwhile job, I feel."
Prescott is not buying his story: "That may even make you more suspect. I
don't think I'd want you to teach any of my youngsters. Not with your attitude,
your gross immaturity, your indifference to responsibility. You can't even handle
four days of prison without making yourself a nuisance. Then you tell me that
you want to do a teaching job, do something that's really a privilege. It's a privi-
lege to come into contact with decent people and have something to say to them.
I don't know, you haven't convinced me. I just read your record for the first time,
and you haven't showed me anything. Officer, take him away."
Chained, bagged, and carted back down to the basement prison, the prisoner
will have to put on a better show at the next parole hearing—assuming he is
granted the privilege again.
When a Paroled Prisoner Becomes the Chairman of the Parole Board
Before we return to what has been happening down below on the Yard in our ab-
sence during these two Parole Board time-aways, it is instructive to note the effect
that this role-playing has had on our tough chairman of this 'Adult Authority
Hearing." A month later, Carlo Prescott offered a tender personal declaration of
the impact this experience had on him:
"Whenever I came into the experiment, I invariably left with a feeling of
depression—that's exactly how authentic it was. The experiment stopped being
an experiment when people began to react to various kinds of things that hap-
pened during the course of the experiment. I noted in prison, for example, that
people who considered themselves guards had to conduct themselves in a certain
way. They had to put across certain impressions, certain attitudes. Prisoners in
other ways had their certain attitudes, certain impressions that they acted out—
the same thing occurred here.
"I can't begin to believe that an experiment permitted me, playing a board
member, the chairman of the board—the Adult Authority Board—to say to one
of the prisoners, 'How is it'—in the face of his arrogance and his defiant attitude—
'how is it that Orientals seldom come to prison, seldom find themselves in this
kind of a situation? What did you do?'
152 The Lucifer Effect
"It was at that particular point in the study that his whole orientation
changed. He begin to react to me as an individual, he began to talk to me about
his personal feelings. One man was so completely involved that he came back into
the room as if he thought a second journey into the room to speak to the Adult
Authority Board could result in his being paroled sooner."
Carlo continues with this self-disclosure: "Well, as a former prisoner, I must
admit that each time I came here, the frictions, suspicion, the antagonism ex-
pressed as the men got into the roles . . . made me recognize the kind of deflated
impression which came about as a result of the confinement. That's exactly what
it was that induced in me a deep feeling of depression, as if I were back in a prison
atmosphere. The whole thing was authentic, not make-believe at all.
"[The prisoners] were reacting as h u m a n beings to a situation, however
improvisational, that had become part of what they were experiencing at that
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