Putting t h e System on Trial
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using "ghost detainees." How many? We will never know for sure, but General
Paul Kern, the senior officer who oversaw the Fay/Jones inquiry, told the Senate
Armed Services Committee, "The number [of ghost detainees] is in the dozens,
perhaps up to 1 0 0 . " The CIA kept a number of detainees off the books at Abu
Ghraib, hiding them from the ICRC.
Army Lieutenant Colonel Steven Jordan, who was second in command of the
intelligence-gathering effort at Abu Ghraib while the abuse was occurring, told
military investigators that "other government agencies" and a secretive elite task
force "routinely brought in detainees for a short period of time" and that the de-
tainees were held without internment numbers, with their names kept off the
books. Such practices are violations of international law.
2 5
The "Ice Man" Goeth
The Fay/Jones Report mentions one of these "ghosted" cases: In November 2 0 0 3
an Iraqi detainee by the name of Manadel al-Jamadi, brought to the prison by
Navy SEALs and interrogated by a CIA agent, was never formally registered. Ja-
madi was "tortured to death," but the cause of his death was concealed in a most
unusual way.
The investigative reporter Jane Mayer has shed light on the sinister role the
CIA played in this homicide and its grisly cover-up. Her fascinating account "A
Deadly Interrogation" in The New Yorker magazine (November 1 4 , 2 0 0 5 ) raises
the question "Can the CIA legally kill a prisoner?"
The al-Jamadi case is especially important for us in our effort to understand
the behavioral context at Abu Ghraib in which Chip Frederick and his other
"rogue soldiers" worked. They were enmeshed in an environment where they ob-
served ghost detainees routinely being brutalized, tortured, and some even mur-
dered. They witnessed perpetrators literally "getting away with murder."
By comparison with what happened to the ghost detainee Manadel al-
Jamadi, the so-called Ice Man, what they did to the run-of-the-mill detainees must
have seemed much more like just "fun and games." They knew him to have been
battered, suffocated to death, and then iced away.
Al-Jamadi was a so-called high-value target for interrogation because he al-
legedly supplied explosives to insurgents. A team of Navy SEALs captured him at
his home outside Baghdad on November 4, 2 0 0 3 , at 2 A.M. He ended up with a
black eye, a cut on his face, and perhaps half a dozen fractured ribs following a
violent struggle. The SEALs turned al-Jamadi over to CIA custody at Abu Ghraib
for interrogation, led by Mark Swanner. This CIA operative, accompanied by a
translator, took al-Jamadi into a holding cell in the prison, stripped him naked,
and began yelling at him to tell him where the weapons were.
According to Mayer's New Yorker story, Swanner told the MPs to take the pris-
oner to Tier 1 Alpha, into the shower room for interrogation. Two of the MPs were
ordered (by this anonymous civilian) to shackle the prisoner to the wall, even
4 1 0
The Lucifer Effect
though he was by now totally passive. They were told to hang him from his arms
in a torture position known as "Palestine Hanging." (First practiced during the
Spanish Inquisition, when it was known as strappado.) After they left the room,
one MP recalled, "we heard a lot of screaming." Less than an hour later, Manadel
al-Jamadi was dead.
Walter Diaz, the MP on guard duty, said that there was no need to hang him
up like that, given that he was handcuffed and offered no resistance. When the
MPs were told by Swanner to take the dead man down from the wall, "blood came
gushing out of his nose and mouth, as if a faucet had been turned on," Diaz re-
ported.
Now the problem for the CIA was what to do with the victim's body. Captain
Donald Reese, the MP commander, and Colonel Thomas Pappas, the MI comman-
der, were alerted to this "unfortunate incident" on their shift. They needn't have
worried, because the CIA took matters into its own stealthy hands. Al-Jamadi was
kept in the shower room until the next morning, packed in ice and bound with
clear tape to retard decomposition of the corpse. The next day a medic inserted an
IV into the "Ice Man's" arm and had him carried out of the prison on a stretcher
as if he were alive but merely ill, so as not to upset the other detainees, who were
told he had had a heart attack. A local taxi driver carted the corpse away to an un-
known destination. All evidence was destroyed, and there was no paper trail be-
cause al-Jamadi had never officially been registered. The Navy SEALS were
exonerated for their part in manhandling al-Jamadi, the medic was not identified,
and, several years later, Mark Swanner continues to work for the CIA, with no
criminal charge against him! Case almost closed.
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