Linguistics and literary studies department

The methods of research are as follows:

1. 
   Method of authentic materials analysis;
   
2. 
   Method of course book analysis;
   
3. 
   Method of scientific experiment;
   
4. 
   Method of linguistic description;
   
5. 
   Method of linguistic statistic analysis.
   

 
Chapter I PAREMIOLOGY AS A LINGUOCULTURAL PHENOMENON

1. 
   Cultural linguistics as a new discipline of the linguistics
   

Cultural linguistics is a science that arose at the intersection of linguistics and cultural studies and explores the manifestations of the culture of the people, which are reflected and entrenched in the language. At the same time, one should not focus on the "joint" nature of the new science, because this is not a simple "addition" of the capabilities of two contacting sciences, but namely the development of a new scientific direction capable of overcoming the limitations of the "narrow departmental" study of facts and thereby providing a new vision and explanation.
Therefore, this is not a temporary union of linguistics and cultural studies, but an interdisciplinary branch of science, independent in its goals, objectives, methods and object of research.
So, as a special field of science, cultural linguistics emerged in the 90s of the XX century. Attempts to give a periodization of its formation on the basis of clear and consistent criteria are unlikely to be crowned with success: firstly, too little time has passed, and secondly, assessments of the results of the existence of science for a certain period, as R.M. Frumkina just remarked, cannot be objective, since they reflect the subjective opinion of a researcher engaged in a particular scientific field.
It seems rational to distinguish two periods in the development of cultural linguistics: the first period - the prerequisites for the development of science - the works of V. Humboldt, A. A. Potebnya, E. Sapir and others, and the second period - the formation of cultural linguistics as an independent area of ​​research. The dynamics of the development of science allows us to predict another - the third period, on the threshold of which we are now - the emergence of a fundamental interdisciplinary science - cultural linguistics. Our research is devoted to the construction of such a scientific discipline.

In cultural linguistics, to date, several directions have taken shape:

1. Culturology linguistics of a particular social group, ethnic group in some culturally bright period, that is, the study of a specific linguocultural situation.
2. Diachronic cultural linguistics, i.e. study of changes in the linguocultural state of an ethnic group over a certain period of time.
3. Comparative cultural linguistics, which investigates the linguistic and cultural manifestations of different, but interrelated ethnic groups.
4. Comparative cultural linguistics. It is just beginning to develop. To date, it is represented by only a few works, the most interesting of which is the work of M. K. Golovanivskaya "French mentality from the point of view of a native speaker of the Russian language", in which the peculiarities of the French mentality are studied from the standpoint of a native speaker of the Russian language and culture. Abstract nouns in Russian and French - fate, danger, luck, soul, mind, conscience, thought, idea, etc. - served as the material for the analysis.

5. 
   Linguocultural lexicography, engaged in the compilation of linguistic and cultural dictionaries.
   

So, cultural linguistics is a humanitarian discipline that studies material and spiritual culture embodied in a living national language and manifested in linguistic processes (Oparina). It allows you to establish and explain how one of the fundamental functions of language is carried out - to be an instrument for the creation, development, storage and transmission of culture. Its purpose is to study the ways in which language embodies in its units, stores and translates culture.

2.