Translate the following words bearing in mind the meaning of the affixes and memorize them:
to inform (v), informer (n), information (n), informative (adj) to select (v), selector (n), selection (n), selective (adj) to collect (v), collector (n), collection (n), collective (adj) to explain (v), explanation (n), explanatory (adj) to fail (v), failure (n) to succeed (v), success (n), successful (adj), succession (n) evolution (n), evolutional (adj), evolutionalism (n).
Form the antonyms of the following words by using the prefixes — dis, m is,'un, im, ex, non, de, il, ir:
possible, regular, living, organic, legal, natural, like, compose, understand, necessary, pleasant, appear, able, dependent, conscious, approval, liberate, belief, calculate, countable, variability, valuable.
Make up questions using information from the text.
People all over the world are very fond of sports and games. That is one of the things in which people of every nationality and class are united.The most popular outdoor winter sports are shooting, hunting, hockey and, in the countries where the weather is frosty and there is much snow — skating, skiing and tobogganing. It's so nice to go to the skating-rink on a frosty sunny day. Some people prefer to be out of town in such weather and to sledge or to ski in the woods. Many people greatly enjoy figure-skating and ski-jumping.
LESSON 31. Theme: FENCING
Working on the text.
Fencing (from germ. Fechten - to fight, to struggle) is a kind of sport, single duel in three disciplines: rapier, caber, sword; rapier and sword for females.
Light and supple rapier once was used only for training. In fights with rapiers touches of the rival's body by the end of it are counted as points. Sword is a double-edged duel weapon. Blows are supposed to be made with the edge of it; touches to any part of a body are counted as points. Caber: blows are only upwards from waist as it used to exist once in fights on horses.
The touch to the rival's body is determined by a judge and with the help of electric fixative. In the rapier fight only pricks to the body are allowed, in sword fight - to any part of the body except unprotected back of the head. Fights are held on the fencing path of 14 meters in length and 1.8-2 meters in width. Sportsmen wear thin jackets covered with metallized fabric, masks with metal net and a glove on the armored hands.
International Fencing Federation (IFF) founded in 1913 unites 108 national federations (by 2002).
First contest of fencing was held in late XIX century. A large international tournament was took place in Budapest in 1986.
First international fencing rules were adopted by IFF in 1914. And in 1919 they were published.
Fencing as a kind of sport was included in the Olympic Games from 1896 at first it was only single, and since 1904 also team leadership.
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