Lesson 1 Summer holidays are fun. The aim of the lesson

Activity 1c Look at the words in the cloud and label the skeleton. 10 min
Objective: to understand what the bones and muscles do
STEP 1: Get the pupils to work in pairs. Get the pupils to look at both the skeleton and the muscle groups in the textbook. Get some feedback about what they notice about the skeleton and muscle groups. Remind the pupils that in Unit 2 they learnt that the human body has 206 bones.
Possible comments: a skeleton is made up of lots of bones, we have a lot of bones inside our body, the bones make our shape, the bones are strong; muscles give us strength, they help us to move our body in different ways.
STEP 3: Ask: “Which is the longest bone in the body? (thigh bone); Which is the smallest bone in the body?” (inside ear)
STEP 4: Say: “Look at the muscles in the arm. Why do you think there are so many muscles?” (so we can move our arm in different directions)
STEP 5: Say: “Look at your arm. Move it to the front of your body. Bend your wrist so the fingers and palm come up. Wriggle your fingers. Pick a pencil up. Touch your desk”.
Teaching tip: You are getting the pupils to become aware of their bodies and the way they work. Without a skeleton and muscles they would not be able to move their bodies.


Activity 2 Look at the pictures. Think. 10 min
Objective: to understand that other living creatures have very different shapes depending on where they live and what they do; not all creatures have skeletons
STEP 1: Say: “Look at the pictures. Think.”
STEP 2: Ask: “Which animals have skeletons? How do you know? Why do they need a skeleton? What can they do?”
a) Which living creatures have skeletons?
b) Why do you think the other creatures don’t have skeletons?
Possible answers: a) the jellyfish is like a jelly and changes shape, it has no eyes, ears, brain or heart. They do not have a head or blood, their body is made mostly of water (98%) and is very soft; b) the earthworm does not have legs, eyes, teeth or any bones but it does have muscles; c) the butterfl y is small and light, its skeleton is outside its body.