|
Biodiversity, ecological and cultural heritage
170.
A n d ija n p rovin ce. The main crop in the province is cotton, followed by cereals,
grapes, pomegranates, figs, persimmons, peaches, apricots, melons and others. The flora is
rich and diverse, a large number of different types of plants grow in the floodplains of the
rivers, such as: turanga, tamarisk, chyngyl, reed, licorice and Alhagi. Two rare species of
Uzbekistan’s flora listed in the Red Book grow in the province: the Fergana tulip and the
Allochrusa gypsophiloides. The species composition of the province is diverse. There are
also species of animals listed in the Red Book, such as: Luciobarbus capito conocephalus
and other fish’s representatives, Phalacrocorax pygmeus, white stork, Aythya nyroca and
several others. There are also archeological monuments in Andijan province, such as Jami
complex and Bobur monument.
171.
Ferghana p rovin ce. The main crops in the province are cotton, wheat, alfalfa and
others. In the farms of the province, grapes, fruits and vegetables are also grown for sale in
local markets, as well as many crops for their own consumption. The local fauna consist of
species that carry agricultural activities, including birds such as turtledove, oriole, goldfinch,
blackbird, woodpecker, swallow, cuckoo, small passerine oatmeal, crows, common lane,
house sparrow and others. According to official data, foxes, badgers, rodents, hares, turtles,
hedgehogs and jackals are also found in the agricultural areas. It is likely that their existence,
as well as some small birds, largely depends on the presence of shrubbery, resulting from
the flooding of certain areas, and an increase of soils. Pastures support domestic animals,
that is, rams and cows. In the Ferghana Valley, and in particular in the Yazyavan district of
the Ferghana province, the
State Natural Monument “Yazyavan Chullari”
(1994; area - 1,962
ha) was created to preserve the unique natural sand massif along with the desert habitat.
Besides natural protected areas, there are also many famous archeological monuments in
Ferghana province
.14
172.
N am angan p rovin ce. The climatic conditions are favorable for the cultivation of
cotton and other warm-weather crops, and apricots, pomegranates, figs, grapes,
persimmons, apples and pears ripen here. The vegetation in the plains and in the adyr belt
is ephemeroid-type, and, above this point, it is replaced by sagebrush, then saltwort
sagebrush, graminaceous-sagebrush, and forb-fescue steppe. There are forest communities
13
Ferghana Valley soils are formed by the main soil formation conditions as follows: climatic, lithological,
geomorphological, hydrogeological, and ameliorative processes.
14
These include: Palace of Khudoyar Khan, Ferghana Regional Museum of Local Lore; Modari Khan, Pirsiddick,
Tomb of Dahma-i-Shahan mausoleums; Narbut Biya, Said Ahmad Hodja, Emir, Jomi madrassas; Chakar
Mosque; Eski-Kurgan; and Jami Mosque.
47
with walnut, alycha, apple, etc., while at an altitude of about 3,000 m archa (juniper)
communities occur. Upwards, there are subalpine meadows - a belt of summer pastures.
173.
There are two specially protected natural areas (SPNA) in Namangan province, which
were created to conserve desert complexes and species of entomofauna and two important
ornithological territories (IBA) on the territory of the province:
Table 9: Main P rotected Natural A reas and IBA Z on es in Fergana V alley
SPNA name,
organization year
Location
Area, km
2
IUCN
Category
Administrative
conformity
Geographical
location
Natural monuments
Ming Buloq (1991)
Namangan province
10
Chust (1994)
Namangan province
0,96
IBA
Angren Plateau
Namangan province
(Pap district)
Western Tien
Shan, in the upper
river
Ahangaran at an
altitude of 2700 to
3420 m above sea
level
253,1
Tugay Mirzaaral
Namangan province
(Pap district)
in a large bend of
the Syr Darya
River on its right
bank,
10
km
southwest of Pap.
18,62
174.
Among natural protected areas, there are protected sites falling into the International
Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (lUCN's) categories III, IV, and V.
Pursuant to resolutions # 178 and #179 of 13th April 2004 of the Cabinet of Ministers of
Uzbekistan, the following water conservation zones are located in the territory of Andijan and
Namangan provinces of Ferghana Valley:
1. W ater conservation zones of Naryn river in Namangan province;
2. W ater conservation zones of Karadarya river in Namangan and Andijan provinces;
and
3. W ater conservation zones of Syrdarya river in Andijan province.
175.
Local hokimiyats, branches of Ministry of water resources, and Forest Administrations
are charged with establishing and ensuring the security of water conservation zones.
Fergana Valley holds underground water stocks, and some of the underground water
formation zones in Andijan and Namangan provinces were granted the status of natural areas
of protection. The location and territory of such zones is presented in Table 10.
Table 10: Fresh u n d e rg ro u n d w a te r fo rm a tio n zones w ith th e s ta tu s o f natural area o f
p ro te c tio n in A n d ij an and Nam angan p ro vin ce s
No.
Province and district
Deposits
Area
(ha)
Province-level deposits
1
.
Namangan province
Olmos-Vorsiq,
Iskovot-Peshku
22,664.8
49,677.2
Country-level deposits
2
.
Namangan province
Noryn
5,685
3.
Andijan province
Osh-Aravon
35,294
Total
113,321
Source: IWRM Plan Report, September 2013
48
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
