Kimyo” kafedrasi “Himoyaga tavsiya etildi”

Test savollari

1.Quyidagi moddalar massasini mos ravishda qo`yib chiqing:

S

H2S

SO2

SO3

1)64 2)32 3)80 4)34

Javob:

S	H2S	SO2	SO3
2	4	1	3

2. 
   Modda formulasiga mos nomlarni to`g`ri ko`rsating:
   

1	S	A	Vodorod sulfid
2	H2S	B	Sulfit angidrid
3	SO2	C	Sulfit kislota
4	SO3	D	Oltingugurt
5	H2SO3	E	Oltingugurt VI-oksid

Javob:

1-D

2-A

3-B

4-E

5-C

3.Quyidagilar orasidan oddiy moddalarni aniqlang:

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
CO	H2S	S8	C60	H2O	H2SO3	H2	HNO3

Javob:

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
		S8	C60			H2

4.Kislotalarni kislotalik kuchi ortib borishi tartibida joylashtiring:

1. 
   H₂SO₄ b) H₂SiO₃ c) H₂CO₃ d) H₃PO₄
   

Javob: b – c – d – a
5.Kislotalarga (+), asoslarga (-) ishorasini qo`yib chiqing:

NaOH

H2SO4

Ai(OH)3

H2CO3

Ca(OH)2

KOH

H2SiO3

Pb(OH)4

Javob:

NaOH	H2SO4	Al(OH)3	H2CO3	Ca(OH)2	KOH	H2SiO3	Pb(OH)4
-	+	-	+	-	-	+	-

6. Quyidagi moddalarning agregat holatlarini toping:

S

H2S

SO2

SO3

Gaz, qattiq, suyuq.

Javob:

S	H2S	SO2	SO3
Qattiq	gaz	Gaz	Suyuq

7. Quyidagi reaksiyalar natijasida hosil bo`luvchi mahsulotlarni to`g`ri ko`rsating:

1	FeO+HCl	A	CuO + H2O
2	CaO+SO3	B	FeCl2+H2O
3	Zn(OH)2 + HNO3	C	ZnNO3 + H2O
4	Cu(OH)2	D	CaSO4

_Javob:

1-B

2-D

3-C

4-A

8.Quyidagi o`zgarishlarni amalga oshirish uchun zarur kimyoviy reaksiyalarning tenglamalarini yozing: 

S ¹→ ZnS ²→SO₂ ³→ S

1. 
   S+ZnSO₄ ; b) S+Na₂ZnO₂; d) S+Zn; e) ZnS+H₂S;
   

f) ZnS+O₂; g) SO₂+ZnS; h) SO₂+H₂S

Javob:

1-d

2-f

3-h

9. 
   Elementlarni atom radiuslari ortib borishi qatorida joylashtiring:
   

a) S; b) Cl; c)P; d)Al; e)Si; f)Na; g) Mg

Javob: b, a, c, e, d, g, f.

10.Moddalar tarkibidagi markaziy atomning gibridlanish turini aniqlang:

1)NH₃; 2)H₂SO₄; 3) BeCl₂ ; 4) SO₃; 5) C₂H₂. a)sp; b)sp²; c)sp³

Javob:

NH3	H2SO4	BeCl2	SO3	C2H2
sp^3	sp^3	sp	sp^2	sp

11.Oksidlarni tarixiy nomlari bilan juftlab ko`rsating:

1	CO	A	Kuldiruvchi gaz
2	N2O	B	Karbonat angidrid
3	NO2	C	Sulfit angidrid
4	CO2	D	Tulki dumi
5	SO2	E	Is gazi

Javob:

1-E

2-A

3-D

4-B

5-C

12. A + H₂SO_4(kons) →ZnSO₄ + B_(gaz) + C_(cho`kma) + H₂O reaksiyada ishtirok etgan A, B va C moddalarni aniqlang:

Javob: A-Zn; B-SO₂; C-S.

13.Quyidagi massalarda olingan gazlarning normal sharoitdagi hajmlarini aniqlang:

Massa, g/mol	gaz		n.sh.dagi hajmi
42	CO	A	44,8 l
22	N2O	B	33,6 l
92	NO2	C	5,6 l
11	CO2	D	2,8 l
8	SO2	E	11,2 l

Javob:

Massa, g/mol	gaz		n.sh.dagi hajmi
42	CO	B	33,6 l
22	N2O	E	11,2 l
92	NO2	A	44,8 l
11	CO2	C	5,6 l
8	SO2	D	2,8 l

14.Jadvalni to`ldiring:

Asosiy xossalari	Vodorod sulfid	Oltingugurt dioksid	Sulfat angidrid
Molekulyar formulasi	1	2	3
Nisbiy molekulyar massasi	4	5	6
Fizik xossasi	7	8	9

1. 
   SO₃ ; b) H₂S; c) SO₂; d) 64; e) 34 ; f) 80; g) palag`da tuxum hidli; h) suvda yaxshi eruvchi gaz; i)suv bilan shiddatli reaksiyaga kirishadi, bug` va suyuq holatda bo`lishi mumkin.
   

Javob:

Asosiy xossalari	Vodorod sulfid	Oltingugurt dioksid	Sulfat angidrid
Molekulyar formulasi	b	c	a
Nisbiy molekulyar massasi	e	d	f
Fizik xossasi	g	h	i

15. 
    Konsentrlangan sulfat kislotaning juda faol metallar (a), o`rtacha faol metallar (b) va passiv metallar bilan reaksiyalarida oltingugurtning qanday birikmalari hosil bo`ladi ? 1) - ; 2) SO₂, S, H₂S; 3) SO₂
    

Javob:

a	B	c
2	3	1

16.Birikmalardagi oltingugurtning oksidlanish darajalarini to`g`ri ko`rsating:

SO3	H2S	SO2	Na2S2O3	H2SO4	S8

+6; 0; -2; +4; +6; +4; 0

Javob:

SO3	H2S	SO2	Na2S2O3	H2SO4	S8
+6	-2	+4	0; +4	+6	0

17.Moddalarning mol miqdorlari quyidagicha olinganda ularning massalari qanday qiymatlarni ko`rsatadi:

Modda formulasi	H2S	SO2	Na2S2O3	H2SO4	S8
Mol miqdori	1,5	2,25	0,4	1,25	0,2
massasi

Javob:

Modda formulasi	H2S	SO2	Na2S2O3	H2SO4	S8
Mol miqdori	1,5	2,25	0,4	1,25	0,2
massasi	51	144	63,2	122,5	51,2

XULOSA

1. 
   Oltingugurt (IV) oksid. Oltingugurt (IV) oksid, boshqacha aytganda sulfit angidrid odatdagi sharoitda o'tkir, bo‘g‘uvchi hidli, rangsiz gaz. - 10 °C ga qadar sovitilganda rangsiz suyuqlikka aylanadi. U po`lat ballonlarda suyuq holda saqlanadi.
   
2. 
   Oltingugurt (IV) oksid oltingugurt yondirilganda ham hosil bo'ladi. Sanoatda S0₂ pirit FeS₂ yoki rangli metallarning oltingugurtli rudalarini (rux aldamasi ZnS, qo‘rg‘oshin yaltirog‘i PbS va b.) kuydirishda hosil bo'ladi. Bunda hosil bo'lgan oltingugurt (IV) oksid S0₂ asosan oltingugurt (VI) oksid S0₃ va sulfat kislota olishda ishlatiladi.
   
3. 
   Sulfit kislota ikki asosli kuchsiz kislota. Suvdagi eritmasigina ma`lum. Rangsiz, o`tkir qidli. Kuchli qaytaruvchi. Yorug`lik ta`sirida parchalanadi. Sulfit kislotaning normal tuzlari sul`fitlar, nordon tuzlari esa gidrosulfitlarlir.
   
4. 
   Oltingugurt sanoatda va qishloq xo'jaligida keng ko`lamda ishlatiladi. Qazib olinadigan oltingugurtning yarmiga yaqini sulfat kislota olishga sarflanadi.
   
5. 
   Oltingugurtdan kauchukni vulkanlashda foydalaniladi: bunda kauchukning puxtaligi va elastikligi ortadi. Oltingugurt guli (mayin kukun) holida oltingugurt tok va g'o'za kasalliklariga qarshi kurashda ishlatiladi. U o'q-dori, gugurt, shuialanadigan tarkiblar olish uchun ham ishlatiladi. Tibbiyotda teri kasalliklarini davolash uchun oltingugrtli surkov dorilar tayyorlanadi.
   

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro`yxati

1. 
   Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Tanqidiy tahlil, qat`iy tartib-intizom va shaxsiy javobgarlik-har bir rahbar faoliyatining kundalik qoidasi bo`lmog`I kerak.-Toshkent: “O`zbekiston”, 2017.-104 b.
   
2. 
   Karimov I.A. Biz kelajagimizni o`z qo`limiz bilan quramiz. T.7. –Toshkent.: O`zbekiston, 1999. -139 b.
   
3. 
   N.A.Parpiеv, A.G.Muftaxov, X.R.Raximov. Anorganik kimyo. Toshkеnt «O`zbеkiston» 2003.
   
4. 
   Yu.T.Toshpulatov, N.G.Raxmatullaеv. Anorganik kimyo, ma'ruza matni, Toshkеnt, TDPU, 2001.
   
5. 
   Parpiyev N.A. Raximov X.R, Muftaxov A.G. Anorganik kimyo nazariy asoslari Darslik -T. O`zbekiston -2000. 480 b.
   
6. 
   X.R. Raximov I.A. Toshev A.M. Mamajonov, Anorganik kimyodan praktikum, Toshkent "O`qituvchi" 1980 y.
   
7. 
   Rahimov X.R. Anorganik ximiya. – T.: O’qituvchi, 1984.
   
8. 
   Rasulov K., Yo’ldoshev O., Qorabolaev B. Umumiy va noorganik kimyo. – T.: O’qituvchi, 1996.
   
9. 
   X.Mamadiyarova, E.Lutfullaev. Anorganik kimyo., Samarqand 2009 y.
   
10. 
    Lutfullaev E.L, Normurodov Z.N. va bosh. Anorganik kimyodan maruza matni Samarqand. 2006 y
    
11. 
    Lutfullaev E.L. va boshqalar., Anorganik kimyodan amaliy mashg`ulotlar. Samarqand 2000 y.
    

Elektron ta’lim resurslari:

www.chemical lab.com

www.moodle.uzedu.uz

www.animation.com

GLOSSARIY

Allotropiya	allotropes	Two or more forms of the same element that differ significantly in chemical and physical properties
Amaliy unum	actual yield	The amount of product actually obtained in a reaction.
Amorf tuzilish	amorphous solid	A solid that lacks a regular three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or molecules.
Anion	anion	An ion with a net negative charge
Aralashma	mixture	A combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their identities
Atom	atom	The basic unit of an element that can enter into chemical combination
Atom orbital	atomic orbital	The wave function of an electron in an atom
Birikish reaskiaysi	addition reaction	A reaction in which one molecule is added to another
Birikma	compound	A substance composed of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions
Cho`kma	precipitate	An insoluble solid that separates from a supersaturated solution
Davr	period	A horizontal row of the periodic table
Davriy jadval	periodic table	A tabular arrangement of the elements by similarities in properties and by increasing atomic number
Diamagnit	diamagnetic	Repelled by a magnet; a diamagnetic substance contains only paired electrons.
Ekzotermik jarayon	exothermic processes	Processes that give off heat to the surroundings
Elektrolit	electrolyte	A substance that, when dissolved in water, results in a solution that can conduct electricity
Elektromanfiylik	electronegativity	The ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself in a chemical bond
Elektron	electron	A subatomic particle that has a very low mass and carries a single negative electric charge
Elektron konfiguratsiya	electron configuration	The distribution of electrons among the various orbitals in an atom or molecule
Erish	solvation	The process in which an ion or molecule is surrounded by solvent molecules arranged in an ordered manner
Eritmalar konsentratsiyasi	concentration of a solution	The amount of solute present in a given quantity of solution
Fizikaviy xossa	physical property	Any property of a substance that can be observed without transforming the substance into some other substance
Ion radiusi	ionic radius	The radius of a cation or an anion as measured in an ionic compound
Izotoplar	isotopes	Atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers
Katalizator	catalyst	A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by providing an alternate reaction pathway without being consumed during the reaction
Kimyoviy formula	chemical formula	An expression showing the chemical composition of a compound in terms of the symbols for the atoms of the elements involved
Kimyoviy xossa	chemical property	Any property of a substance that cannot be studied without converting the substance into some other substance
Kislota	acid	A substance that yields hydrogen ions (H^+) when dissolved in water
Modda	substance	A form of matter that has a definite or constant composition (the number and type of basic units present) and distinct properties
Molekula	molecule	An aggregate of at least two atoms in a definite arrangement held together by special forces
Qaynash temperaturasi	boiling point	The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external atmospheric pressure
Qutbsiz molkula	nonpolar molecule	A molecule that does not possess a dipole moment

1 Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Tanqidiy tahlil, qat`iy tartib-intizom va shaxsiy javobgarlik-har bir rahbar faoliyatining kundalik qoidasi bo`lmog`i kerak.-Toshkent: “O`zbekiston”, 2017