Introduction to Industrial Automation

Index 

◾

 

437

Instruction List (IL) language, 274–275, 275f

Ladder Diagram (LD) language, 273–274

Ladder logic, 271–272, 272f

overview, 271–273

Sequential Function Chart (SFC) language, 

276–277, 276f, 277f

structural, 278–281, 279f, 280f

automation program with multiple POUs, 

280–281, 280f

FUNCTION, 278–279

FUNCTION BLOCKS (FB), 279

program organization units (POUs), 278–279

PROGRAMS, 279

Structured Text (ST) language, 275–276

Programming device, PLC, 194, 198

Programming languages; see also specific entries

cascade ladder diagram language (ladder), 198

conventional START-STOP automation circuit, 198, 

198f

general format, 198, 198f

instruction list language or Boolean (IL), 198

language of logic elements or function block diagram 

(FBD), 198

PLC, variations in, 198

Program organization units (POUs), 278, 279f

automation program with multiple, 280–281, 280f

FUNCTION, 278–279

FUNCTION BLOCKS (FB), 279

PROGRAMS, 279

PROGRAMS, 279

Proportional, integral, derivative (PID) control, see PID 

control

Proximity switches, 40–47, 205

advantages, 40

applications, 46–47

basic exterior forms, 42f

capacitive, 42, 43

detection/sensing distance, 40

electric connection, 43–44

inductive, 42

magnetic, 40, 44–45, 46f

magnetoresistive, 45–46

object placement distance, 41

operating frequency, 41

operating principles, 40

parameters, 40–42

power supply, 41

residual current, 41

response time, 41

target size and metallic environment, effects of, 44, 

45f

types, 40, 42

Pull-out torque, defined, 23

Pull-up torque, defined, 23

Pulp bleaching, papermaking process, stage, 1

Pulse bistable relays, 31–32

Pulse timer, 317

Pump operation

based on level control, 100

two pumps according to demand, 100–101

Purpose, industrial automation, 9–10

Push plunger, limit switch, 51f

R

Radar-type level switches, 55

RAM, see Random Access Memory (RAM), PLCs

Random Access Memory (RAM), PLCs, 231

Read Only Memory (ROM), PLCs, 231

Reed relays, 56, 70–71

Refining, papermaking process, stage, 1

Reflectors, 48–49

Relay ladder logic (RLL), 271

Relays, 25–27

electric contact of, 33–35

electromechanical, 27

general purpose, 29–30

latching, 30–31

operation principle, 25–27

overview, 25

power, 27–29

pulse bistable, 31–32

reed, 56, 70–71

SSRs, 32–33

thermal overload, 38–40

three-phase monitoring, 69–70

time, state diagrams with, 133–135

Repeater, 364

Residual current, 41

Resistor temperature detectors (RTD), 58, 59, 60, 61–62

Response time, 41

Result of a logic operation (RLO), PLC programming, 

284–287, 285f, 286f

familiarity with, 298–300, 298f–300f

Result of an instruction execution, PLC programming, 

284–287, 285f, 286f

Retentive reciprocating movement, of worktable, 

387–388, 387f

Retro-reflective photoelectric switches, 48–49

Reversing motor operation, PLC programming in, 

329–330, 329f

Ring topology, industrial networks of PLCs, 358–359, 

358f

Robotic station (simple), for receiving and stacking light 

objects, 395–396, 396f

Roller conveyor system, for wrapping plastic membrane, 

399, 400f

Roller plunger, limit switch, 51f

ROM, see Read Only Memory (ROM), PLCs

Rotary switches, 205

Rotors

defined, 20

rotational movement, 20–22

Router, 364

---

438