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Standardized test(standards-referenced tests or standards-based assessments ) = a test that is in the same format for all who take it. It often relies on multiple-choice questions and the testing conditions—including instructions, time limits, and scoring rubrics—are the same for all students, though sometimes accommodations on time limits and instructions are made for students with disabilities.
	School-based curriculum development Curriculum developed at the level of an individual school. This notion suggests a decision-making process with regard to the curriculum involving school staff, ranging from individual teachers adapting existing curricula to the whole school staff collaboratively working together to develop new curricula in order to make them more relevant and meaningful for learners. The school-based curriculum development movement was particularly active in the 1980s as an alternative to centralized curriculum decision-making.
	School culture The guiding beliefs or ethos, underlying assumptions, expectations, norms and values that give a school its identity, influence the way a school operates, and affect the behaviour of principals, teachers, support staff and learners. School culture deserves attention in the effort to support and enhance learning. Comprehensive models that have been developed for school reform have invariably included change in school culture.