И. А. Курбасова Е. И. Силантьева

TEXT C. AUTAMATIC TRANS IS LONDON
(1) One of London’s undergound railways—the Victoria Line—was put into public service in 1968. The character­istic feature of this line is the automatically-driven trains and the automatic inspection of tickets.
(2) The line is serviced by eight-car trains controlled automatically with the aid of coded signals which are re­ceived from the running rails. Special devices installed in front of the trains pick up these signals, set the speed of the trains or stop the train in case of any emergency.
(3) Each train employs a single operator who is to open and close the doors at stations. If any fault occurs, he can drive the train in the usual way.
(4) Thanks to the automatic equipment a minimum distance between the trains can be safely provided. Nu­merous electronic devices are intended to operate the whole system and to avoid (избегать) any emergency which may lead to a serious accident.


КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

1. 
   Определите, какой частью речи являются данные слова (§ 61).
   

disagreement, synchronous, underestimate, controlled, priceless, formulate, unhealthy, emergency, outward, stra­tegic, unlocalize, immovability, fruitful, transportable, mileage, forerunner, symmetric, harden, salty, demodulate, polar, polarity, polarize, polarizer, polarization, finely, empty, southward, frequent, abrasion, stratify, truthful, moisture, meter, magnetize, reclaimless, fitness, massive, insensibility, persistently, groundless, weaken, incombustible, subsidiary, normalize, manual, exposure, constituent, read­iness, modify, artful, superiority, momentary, unalterably, miniaturization, unbeautiful, foliage, reversal, provocative, suburban, outwardly.
. 2. Переведите данные слова, обращая внимание на приставки (§ 61).
irreplaceable, mislead, subtitle, trans-oceanic, recreate, interchange (n), disarrange, non-operative, self-cleaning, inelasticity, semi-axle, immovable, forego, pre-load, unbal­anced, irresistible, subsurface, interstate (a), non-conduct­ing, immeasurable, rearrange, underloaded, self-movingj) independent, intercooler, predetermine, irrationally, discol­our (v), immaterial, submarine, pre-pay, uncontrollable, intertrack, semi-enclosed, insufficiency, pre-heat, non-coded, immobile, underheated, unburned, subnormal, translocation, inefficiency, non-deforming, readjust (adjust—регулиро­вать), disadjust, self-adjusting, misunderstand, underdo, transporter.
3. Переведите сочетания слов, обращая внимание на суффиксы и приставки (§ 61).
a standardized container, a non-smoking compartment, unimportant information, an outward appearance, a non-reflecting surface, the incorrect application of a calculator, a sub-zero temperature, national independence, a smokeless operation, to disassemble a crane, unwanted effects, a transistorized receiver, an unusual transmitter, to minimize the wear of rails, an unqualified assistant, a semi-conductor rectifier, to misuse a transformer, the elasticity of a struc­ture, a wheelless train, a dieselized railway, to miscalcu­late the cost, an unknown researcher, a non-electrified section of track, a soundless operation, inorganic chemistry.
4. Опираясь на сигналы, определите явные и неявные сказуемые в каждом предложении данного текста.
(1) Today, we travel from one place to another quite easily. But for thousands of years, people had to walk or travel in horse-drawn carriages.
(2) In 1829, Shillibeer started the first bus service in London. The bus introduced by Shillibeer looked like a large carriage.
(3) Everybody knows that the English buses are of red colour and are very high, as they are double-decked buses. But the upper deck of the early buses had no roof. The passengers were given raincoats to put on if it started to rain.
(4) In 1885, the Londoners saw the first petrol-engine buses. In 1919, they achieved a speed of 12 mph.
(5) As to the first important passenger railway in England it was the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. In 1829, the company offered a prize of £ 500 for the best steam locomotive for this railway. The prize was won by G. Ste-phenson.
(6) Today, people use electric and diesel traction on their railways because electric and diesel trains attain a very high speed.
5. Переведите группы существительных с левыми опре­делениями.
a noiseless auxiliary engine; an extremely complex quick-acting computer; self-improving, self-programming and self-managing machines; densely-populated towns; a rocket-type passenger car; a diesel-electric power plant; a narrow-gauge mine railroad; a horse-drawn carriage; a high-horse­power diesel engine; a fully-computerized electric train; a double-decked bus service; a small-size automobile; Public Automated Rapid Transportation System; a nuclear-powered locomotive; a water-cooled engine; an engine cooling system; a specially-built multiple-unit rolling stock; automatically-controlled doors; the first commercially-produced switching locomotive; a superhigh-speed streamlined air-cushioned vehicle; little earth-moving work; engine-driven traction motor ventilators; automatic ticket inspection; a heavy-duty bus; excellent stop-and-go delivery electromobiles; slow-moving city electric buses; a heavy all-steel passenger rolling stock; the first diesel-electric multi-car train; low-grade cheap fuel.
6. Найдите группы существительных с левыми и пра­выми определениями и укажите в каждой группе основное слово,
1. Most special-type freight cars have been developed in recent years. 2. We know another very serious disadvan­tage of the early steam locomotives was their low efficiency. 3. The modern T-shaped rails which can carry a very heavy weight were invented in 1831. 4. It is reported that the light weight welded body of the car has a high strength. 5. In 1808, R. Trevithick demonstrated his little eight-ton steam lo­comotive which ran on a circular iron track. 6. Thanks to James Watt's engine many new wonderful machines were devised. 7. Four hundred years ago heavy wooden rails were used in England for transporting coal from the mines; in this case the small horse-drawn wagons to run on those wooden rails had heavy flanged wooden wheels. 8. In 1938, the world record speed for a steam train was 126 mph (about 200 kph).
7.