4. Переведите предложения со сказуемыми в страдательном залоге; перевод начинайте с предлога.
Образец: Many inventions were not thought of before.
О многих изобретениях раньше не думали.
1. Super-high speeds were not heard of thirty years ago. 2. The achievements on the Soviet railways are often written about in newspapers and magazines. 3. The beginning of our century was spoken of as the Golden Age of travel. 4. The program was insisted on (настаивать на) by many specialists. 5. One of the projects is objected to (возражать против). 6. The experiment was watched (наблюдать за) by a group of scientists. 7. All the questions were answered (отвечать на) in detail. 8. The conference will be attended (присутствовать на) by railway experts from various countries. 9. Radio communication is affected by the weather (affect — влиять на).
5. Переведите сочетания слов без словаря.
two functions of railways; the political and economic life of a country; a communication system; popular transport; public transport; industrial products; to demonstrate a model; a talented engineer; a metallurgical works; comfortable trains; the opposition to the building of railroads.
СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
Суффиксы существительных: -er (-or), -ion (-sion, -tion, -ation), -ance (-ence), -ity (-ty, -y)
Суффиксы прилагательных: -ant (-ent), -able (-ible)
Суффикс наречия: -lу
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6. Переведите группы слов согласно образцам.
Образец: conduct проводить — conductor проводник — conduction проводимость
calculate (вычислять)— calculator — calculation; produce (изготовлять) — producer — production; excavate (вынимать грунт) — excavator — excavation; conclude (заключать) — conclusion; load (грузить) — loader;
Образец: difference различие — different различный
resistance (сопротивление) — resistant; existence (существование) — existent; efficiency (эффективность) — efficient; permanent (постоянный) — permanence;
Образец: dense плотный — density плотность
probable вероятный — probability вероятность
simple (простой) — simplicity; proper (собственный) — property; local (местный)—locality; able (способный) — ability; responsibility (ответственность)—responsible; reliability (надежность)—reliable;
Образец: rapid быстрый — rapidly быстро
main главный — mainly главным образом
strong (прочный) — strongly; smooth (плавный) — smoothly; rigid (жесткий) — rigidly; total (целый, весь) — totally.
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