I – kimyodan asosiy tushunchalar

KIMYONING ASOSIY TUSHUNCHA VA QONUNLARI.
ATOM-MOLEKULYAR TA’LIMOT.
(IKKINCHI DARAJALI TESTLAR.)

1. Berilliy atomining absolyut (haqiqiy) massasini aniqlang.
A) 9 B) 5,418٠10^-22 C) 1,5٠10^-23 D) 0,668٠10^-23

2. 32 ta temir atomining massasini (g) hisoblang.
A) 2,78 ∙10^-21 B) 2,98 ∙10^-21
C) 4,82 ∙10^-23 D) 1,784 ∙10^-26

3. 2008 ta oltin atomining massasi qancha (kg) ?

A) 395576 B) 6,57٠10^-22
C) 657٠10^-23 D) 6,57٠10^-24

4. Qaysi moddaning molekulyar massasi eng kichik?

A) [Ca(OH)]₂SO₄ B) [Al(OH)₂]₃PO₄
C) Ca(HSO₄)₂ D) Ba(OH)NO₃

5. Qaysi moddaning molekulyar massasi eng katta?

A) [Mg(OH)]₂SO₃ B) [Cr(OH)]₃(PO₄)₂
C) Fe(HCO₃)₂ D) [Ba(OH)]₂SO₄

6. Bir dona suv molekulasining massasi qanday?

A) 18 a.m.b B) 2,99٠10^-23 g
C) 6,02٠10²³ g D) A,B

7. Vodorodning 1 ta molekulasining massasini (g) aniqlang.

A) 3,3٠10^-23 B) 0,33٠10^-23
C) 33٠10^-23 D) 3,3٠10^-22

8. Nechta osh tuzi molekulasi 10^-10 g keladi?

A) 10,3٠10¹³ B) 0,13٠10¹²
C) 1,03٠10¹² D) 1,3٠10¹¹

9. Qaysi moddalarning haqiqiy molekulyar massasi 1,66 ∙10^-22 g keladi?

A) CaCO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄
B) Ca(HCO₃)₂, K₂CO₃
C) (NH₄)₂SiO₃, NaHSO₄
D) CaCO₃, KHCO₃

10. Massaning atom birligi qiymatini (g) ko’rsating.

A) 2∙10^-23 B) 1,66 ∙10^-24 C) 1 D) 1/12

11. Azotning 1 ta molekulasining massasi (g) qanchaga teng?

A) 28 B) 14 C) 4,65 ∙10^-23 D) 2,32 ∙10^-23

12. Natriy perxloratning beshta molekulasi massasini hisoblang.

A) 612,5 B) 122,5 C) 30 ∙10^-23 D) 1,02 ∙10^-21

13. Simob atomining absolyut massasi necha gramm?

A) 2,4 ∙10^-24 B) 1,2 ∙10^-23
C) 1,5 ∙10^-22 D) 3,3 ∙10^-22

14. Modda molekulasining massasi 5,65 ∙10^-26 kg bo’lsa, uning nisbiy molekulyar massasini aniqlang.

[m(C) = 2 ∙10^-26 kg].
A) 34 B) 36 C) 38 D) 32

15. Bittadan kaliy va temir metallari atomlarining massalarini (g) toping.

A) 6,48 ∙10²³ va 0,93 ∙10^-23
B) 6,5 ∙10^-24 va 9,3 ∙10^-24
C) 6,48 ∙10^-23 va 9,3 ∙10^-23
D) 39 va 55,8

16. Uglerodning bitta atomi massasi necha grammni tashkil etadi?

A) 3,01∙10^-22 B) 2∙10^-22 C) 0,2 ∙10^-23 D) 2∙10^-23

17. Kislorodning 1 ta molekulasi massasini (g) aniqlang.

A) 5,3 ∙10^-23 B) 0,53 ∙10^-23 C) 32 ∙10^-23 D) 3,2 ∙10^-22

18. Kalsiy karbid - (CaC₂) dagi kalsiyning massa ulushini (%) toping.

A) 62,5 B) 71,1 C) 67,5 D) 75,5

19. Marganes(III) oksid va marganes(VI) oksiddagi marganesning massa ulushini hisoblang.

A) 57,8 va 50,5% B) 63,2 va 49,5%
C) 69,6 va 53,4% D) 34,9 va 47,3%

20. Mis pentagidrat sulfat – CuSO₄∙5H₂O dagi kristalizatsiya suvning massa ulushini hisoblang.

A) 75 B) 25 C) 64 D) 36

21. Ruda tarkibida Fe(CrO₂)₂ massa ulushi 84% va Fe₂O₃ (16%) bor. Massasi 400 kg temirtosh tarkibidagi temirning massasini (kg) toping.

A) 129 B) 234 C) 185 D) 248

22. Massasi 500 g bo’lgan temir(II)oksid va temir(III)oksid aralashmasidan qancha massa temir olsa bo’ladi? Aralashmadagi FeO ning massa ulushi 20%, Fe₂O₃ niki 80%.

A) 286 B) 342 C) 295 D) 358

23. Ba’zi bir metall oksidini tarkibini Me₂O₃ eng oddiy formula bilan ifodalash mumkin. Massasi 60,8 g bo’lgan oksid namunasi tarkibida 41,6 g metall bor. Bu qaysi metall?

A) Al B) Fe C) Cr D) Ni

24. Ba’zi bir element oksidi EO₂ tarkibga ega. Bu elementning oksiddagi massa ulushi 46,67%. Bu qanday element?

A) S B) Se C) Ge D) Si

25. Element oksidi EO₃ tarkibga ega. Bu oksiddagi elementning massa ulushi 62,2%. Qanday element oksid hosil qilgan?

A) Se B) Te C) Cr D) S

26. Massasi 25,6 g bo’lgan element, massasi 6,4 g bo’lgan molekulyar kislorod bilan birikib, EO tarkibli oksid hosil qiladi. Bu qanday element?

A) Ca B) Mg C) Cu D) Zn

27. Oltingugurt oksididagi azot va kislorodning massa ulushi 37% va 63%. Bu oksidning eng oddiy formulasini aniqlang.

A) N₂O₃ B) NO₂ C) N₂O₅ D) NO

28. Fosfor xloriddagi xlorning massa ulushi 85,13% Xloridning eng oddiy formulasini aniqlang.

A) PCl₃ B) PCl₄ C) PCl₅ D) PCl₆

29. Kimyoviy birikma tarkibiga natriy, oltingugurt va kislorod kiradi. Na – 36,5; S – 25,4; kislorodniki – 38,1. Birikmaning eng oddiy formulasini aniqlang.

A) Na₂SO₄ B) Na₂SO₃ C) Na₂S₂O₃ D) Na₄S₂O_7­

30. Ba’zi bir kislota tarkibida vodorod (massa ulushi 1,46%), xlor (51,83%) va kislorod bor. Shu kislotaning eng oddiy formulasini aniqlang.

A) HClO₂ B) HClO₃ C) HClO₄ D) HClO

31. Molibden oksidda molibden massasining atomar kislorod massasiga nisbati 3 ga teng. Oksidning eng oddiy formulasini aniqlang.

A) MoO B) MoO₂ C) MoO₃ D) Mo₂O₃

32. Fosfor va brom birikmasining massasi 86,2 g bo’lgan namunasi tarkibida massasi 6,2 g bo’lgan fosfor bo’ladi. Shu birikmaning eng oddiy formulasini aniqlang.

A) PBr₃ B) PBr₅ C) PBr₄ D) PBr₆

33. Azotning vodorodli birikmasining molyar massasi 30 g/mol ga teng. Birikmadagi azotning massa ulushi 93,3% bo’lsa, uing formulasini aniqlang.

A) NH₃ B) N₂H₄ C) N₂H₂ D) HN₃

34. Berilliyning uglerodli birikmasida berilliyning massa ulushi 60% ekanligi ma’lum bo’lsa, birikmaning oddiy formulasini aniqlang.

A) Be₂C₃ B) Be₃C₄ C) BeC₂ D) Be₂C

35. Kaliyning marganes va kislorod bilan hosil qilgan birikmasining eng oddiy formulasini aniqlang. Agar ularning massa ulushi yuqoridagi tartibga muvofiq 39,6; 27,9 va 32,5% ga teng.

A) K₂MnO₄ B) KMnO₄ C) K₄Mn₂O₇ D) KMnO₃

36. Tuz tarkibi magniy, fosfor va kisloroddan iborat bo’lib, ularning massa ulushlari tegishlicha 21,62; 27,93 va 50,45%. Tuzning formulasini aniqlang.

A) MgPO₃ B) Mg₃(PO₄)₂ C) Mg₂P₂O₇ D) Mg(PO₃)₂

37. Kalsiy gidrofosfat kristallogidratida (presipitat) CaHPO₄ ∙ nH₂O da 18% fosfor bor. Kristallgidrat tarkibidagi ‘n’ ning qiymati necha?

A) 1 B) 2 C) 5 D) 10

38. Natriy sulfat kristallogidratida Na₂SO₄ ∙xH₂O da suvning massa ulushi 0,559. “x” ning qiymati necha?

A) 5 B) 7 C) 10 D) 12

39. Giposulfit – Na₂S₂O₃∙xH₂O tarkibida vodorodning massa ulushi 4,032%. Kristallogidrat tarkibini aniqlang.

A) Na₂S₂O₃∙3H₂O B) Na₂S₂O₃∙5H₂O
C) Na₂S₂O₃∙7H₂O D) Na₂S₂O₃∙10H₂O

40. O’rta tuzning kristallgidratining tarkibi 14,29% Na, 9,94% S, 69,57% O va vodoroddan iborat. Undagi suv molekulasi sonini toping.

A) 5 B) 7 C) 10 D) 2

41. Qaysi moddaning molekulyar massasi eng katta qiymatga ega?

A) natriy tellurid – Na₂Te B) natriy sulfid – Na₂S
C) natriy selenid – Na₂Se D) natriy oksid – Na₂O

42. Anilinning (C₆H₅NH₂) bitta mole-kulasining massasi qanday ifodalanishi mumkin?

1) 93 m.a.b. 2) 93 g
3) 93 g/mol 4) 1,54·10^-22 g
A) 1, 3 B) 2, 4 C) 1, 4 D) 1

43. Quyidagi birikmalarda bir xil massadagi azotga kislorod massalarining nisbati qanday o’zgaradi?

N₂O, NO, N₂O₃, NO₂, N₂O₅
A) 2:1:2:1:2 B) 1:2:3:4:5
C) 1:1:3:2:5 D) 16:16:48:32:80

44. Agar molekulaning massasi 44 m.a.b. ga teng bo’lsa, uning 1 mol miqdordagi molekulalar massasini toping.

A) 73 B) 6,02 ∙10²³ C) 44 D) 3,67

45. Nisbiy atom massaning o’lchov birligi qilib C¹² uglerod izotopi massasining 1/12 qismi emas, balki 1/4 qismi qabul qilindi deylik. U holda moddaning haqiqiy molekulyar massasi qanday o’zgaradi?

A) 4 marta ortadi B) o’zgarmaydi
C) 3 marta ortadi D) 3 marta kamayadi