Microsoft Word XXI asrda islom ziyouz com doc

Transtsendentalizm 
[
nem
. transzendental < 
lot
. tr
ā
nsc
ē
ndere o‘tish, chegaradan tashqariga 
chiqish] - Amerikada 1830-60-yillarda vujudga kelgan falsafiy-adabiy harakat. Harakatning nomi va 
bir qancha g‘oyalari I.Kantning "transtsendental idealizm"idan, shuningdek, F.Shelling asarlaridan 
olingan. Trantsendentalizm romantizm nuqtai nazaridan ma'rifiy sensualizm va zamonaviy 
tamaddunni tanqid qilgan. Asosiy g‘oyalari: insonni «vulgar-materialistik" manfaatlardan tozalovchi 
tabiatga yaqinlik, ma'naviy kamolotga erishish, mikrokosm orqali makrokosmni intuitiv tarzda idrok 
qilish. 
- Tarj.
[442]
Henri Kaoust, 
Essai sur les doctrines sociales et politiques de Taki-d-Din Ahmad b. Taimiya 
(Cairo: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1939), 522-527.

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XXI asrda Islom: Postmodern dunyoda qiblani topish. Timoti J. Uinter 
www.ziyouz.com
kutubxonasi 
209
[443]
Masalan, Saudiya Arabistonida ta'lim olgan Muhammad Said al-Qahtaaniyning 
Al-Wala' wa'l-
Bara' According to the Aqeedah of the Salaf
(New Delhi: Islamic Call, 1998) asariga qarang. 
[444]
Mahmud A. Faksh, The Future of Islam in the Middle East: Fundamentalism in Egypt, Algeria 
and Saudi Arabia (Westport CT and London: Praeger, 1997), 52.
[445]
http://sunnah.org/articles/muslims_in_nonmuslim_lands.htm
[446]
György Lederer, ‘Islam in Lithuania', 
Central Asian Survey
14/iii (1995), 425-48; P. Borawski, 
‘Religious tolerance and the Tatar population in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, 16
th
to 18
th
century', 
Journal, Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs
9 (1988), 119-133; B. Szajkowski, ‘The Muslim minority 
in Poland', in S. Vertovec and C. Peach (eds), 
Islam in Europe: the politics of religion and community
(Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997), 91-100. 
[447]
P.D. Buell, ‘Saiyid Ajall (1211-1279)', in E. de Rachewiltz, Hok-lam Chan, Hsiao Ch'i-ch'ing, and 
P.W. Geier (eds), 
In the service of the Khan: eminent personalities of the early Mongol-Yüan period 
(1200-1300).
(Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1993), pp.466-79.
[448]
Masalan, (mahalliy madaniyatlarga moslashish vositasi sifatida mahalliy 
ijmo
uchun), Gustav 
von Grunebaum, ‘The Problem: Unity in Diversity', in Gustav von Grunebaum (ed.), 
Unity and variety 
in Muslim civilization
(Chicago and London: , 1955), 31; «bizdan oldin kelganlarning vahiy orqali nozil 
bo‘lgan qonunlari uchun», Muhammad Hashim Kamali, 
Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence
(Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society, 229-234.
[449]