Harakat p s. da biz fe’lning asosiy shakli

Present simple (Hozirgi oddiy zamon)

Hozirgi odatiy zamon- bu zamonni doimiy gaplarda yani takrorlanuvchi tugallangan ish harakatlarni ifodalaganda foydalanamiz.

HARAKAT

* P.s.da biz fe’lning asosiy shakli(infinitivening to yuklamasi tushirib qoldirilgan shakli)dan foydalanamiz. Faqatgina 3-shaxs birlikda(he/she/it)gi gaplarda fe’lga –s yoki –es qo’shiladi.

*Oxiri –s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, bilan tugagan fe’llarga 3-chi shaxs birlikda –es qo’shimchasi qo’shiladi.

*Oxiri –y bilan tugagan fe’llarga –es qo’shimchasi qoshilganda:

-agar “y” oldidan undosh harf kelsa unda u “i” ga ozgaradi va –es oladi.

-agar “y” oldidan unli harf kelsa o’zgarmasdan –s qo’shimchasini oladi.

*P.s.da inkor va so’roq gaplar yasashda to do yordamchi fe’lidan foydalanamiz.

- to do yordamchi fe’li 3-shaxs birlikdan tashqari barcha shaxslarda do shaklida 3-shaxs birlikda esa does shaklida qollaniladi.

- Inkor va so’roq gaplarda 3-shaxs birlik(he/she/it)da asosiy fe’l –s yoki –es qo’shimchasini olmaydi.

Positive:	Subject + Verb(1)(-es,-s)* + Object
Negative:	Subject + Do /Does + not +Verb(1) + Object
Question:	Do /Does + Subject + Verb(1) + Object ?

HOLAT

*Shaxsning har qanday hissiyoti va holatini ifodalashda biz Present Simpleda foydalanamiz:

-bunda biz to be yordamchi fe’lidan foyfdalanamiz

-to be fe’li shaxslarda tuslanadi:

I- am;

we/ you/ they- are;

he/ she/ it- is.

Positive:	Subject + To be* + Verb(1)
Negative:	Subject + To be* + not + Verb(1)
Question:	To be* + Subject + Verb(1) ?

“Present Simple” zamoni quyidagi vaziyatlarda qo'llaniladi:
1. Odatiy, doimiy, kundalik, tez-tez sodir bo'lib turadigan ish harakatlarni ifodalash uchun;

- Aziz works in school every day.

2. Umumiy haqiqat va tabiat qonunlariga oid ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun;

-The earth goes round the sun.

3. Jadvallarga asoslangan ish-harakatlarni ifodalash uchun “kelasi zamon” ma'nosida;

-The train leaves for Budapesht at 7 tonight

4. Quyidagilar asosan gap boshida keladi va present simple da qo'llaniladi:

I apologize (uzr so'ramoq)	I premise ( vada berman)
I advise (maslahat beraman)	I suggest (taklif qilman)
I insist (talab qilaman)	I refuse (rad etaman)
I agree (roziman)	I think (o'ylaman)

Har qanday gapda u gapni qaysi zamonga tegishli ekanligini anglatuvchi so’zlar bo’ladi ularni biz signal so’zlar deb ataymiz.*

Quyida present simple zamoniga oid signal so’zlar:

1. Always = generally = in general = normally=permanently = all the time = now and then = day and night = around the clock - hamisha, har doim;

2. Usually = typically = as a rule - odatda;

3. Frequently = often - tez-tez;

4. Regularly = routinely = repeatedly – muntazam;

5. Sometimes = occasionally = at times = from time to time = once in a while = all the while -ba'zan;

6. Never = not ever = hardly ever - hech qachon;

7. Seldom = rarely = once in a blue moon -kamdan-kam;

8. Daily = every day = day to day = day after day - har kuni;

9. Every other day - kun ora;

10. Every 3 days - har 3 kunda;

11. Every third day - har 3 chi kunda;

12. Once a week - haftasiga 1 marta;

13. Twice a month - oyiga 2 marta;

14. Every morning - har kuni ertalab;

15. Three times a day - 1 kunda 3 marta.

Exercise 1. Change the verb into the correct form:

1. I usually ________(go) to school.
2. They_________ (visit) us often.
3. You _________ (play) basketball once a week.
4. Tom_________ (work) every day.
5. He always___________ (tell) us funny stories.
6. She never___________ (help) me with that!
7. Martha and Kevin__________ (swim) twice a week.
8. In this club people usually_________ (dance) a lot.
9. Linda___________ (take care) of her sister.
10. John rarely_________ (leave) the country.
11. We__________ (live) in the city most of the year.
12. Lorie __________(travel) to Paris every Sunday.
13. I__________ (bake) cookies twice a month.
14. You always_________ (teach) me new things.
15. She_________ (help) the kids of the neighborhood.
Exercise 2. Change the verb into the correct form:
1. London_________ (be) in England.
2. The summer_________ (be) hot.
3. She__________ (drive) very well.
4. They__________ (open) the store at 8:00.
5. Linda__________ (be) a very pretty girl.
6. I_________ (have) several jobs.
7. Water___________ (boil) at 100 degrees.
8. Water___________ (freeze) at 0 degrees.
9. My sister__________ (speak) English.
10. He_________ (have) a big apartment.
11. A triangle__________ (have) three corners.
12. My birthday__________ (be) in June.
13. Books___________ (have) pages.
14. Dogs_________ (be) good friends.
15. I__________ (work) hard.

afraid	qo'rqmoq
agree	rozi bo'lmoq
angry	jahlda
arrive	yetib kelmoq
attack	hujum qilmoq
bottom	tagi osti
clever	aqlli
cruel	shafqatsiz
finally	nihoyat
hide	yashirmoq
hunt	ovlamoq
lot	ko'p
middle	o'rta
moment	lahza
pleased	mamnun
promise	va'da bermoq
reply	javob bermoq
safe	xavfsiz
trick	hiyla
well	yaxshi