Gurmoq bu muvaffaqiyat!

4. Absolyut, nisbiy va molyar massa
Ulgurmoq bu - muvaffaqiyat!
Мария Цветаева

Absolyut (haqiqiy) massa - 1 dona zarracha massasi.
Birligi g yoki kg. Mo yoki таb- bilan belgilanadi.
Molyar massa - 1 mol (6,02*10²³ ta) miqdordagi massa. Birligi g/mol. M - bilan belgilanadi.
Nisbiy atom massa (NAM) - ¹²С izotopi absolyut massasining 1/12 qismidan necha marta katta (оg’irligini) ekanligini ko’rsatuvchi kattalik. Birligi yo‘q,
birliksiz kattalikdir. Ar - bilan belgilanadi.
Molyar massa qiymati nisbiy molekulyar massaga teng bo’ladi, ammo nisbiy molekulyar massa birliksiz kattalik. Nisbiy molekulyar massa (Mr) - molekula
massasini atom massa birligida (uglerod birligida) ifodalanadi.
P.S.: Etalon o‘zgarsa, faqat nisbiv massa o'zgaradi (ortadi yoki kamayadi}. Absolyut (haqiqiy) va molyar massa. (1 moldagi massa) O’ZGARMAYDI!!!
Atom massa birligi sifatida ¹²C izotopi absolyut massasining 1/12 qismi olingan (faqat uglerodning 12 izotopiga nisbatan) bo’lib, uning qiymati 1,66*10^-27 kg
yoki 1,66*10²⁴ g ga teng.
Masalan: kislorod molekulasi (O₂) uchun:
nisbiy molekulyar massasi 32; molyar massasi 32 g/mol; absolyut (haqiqiy) massasi 5,3156*10^-23 g.
Kislorodning nisbiy atom massasi massasi 16; (aslida kislorod bitta atomining massasi uglerod (¹²C atom massasining 1/12 qismidan 16 marta katta ekanligini bildiradi.)
Kislorod atomining absolyut massasi 2,658*10^-23 g
yoki 16 m.a.b;
Kislorod atomining molyar massasi 16 g/mol
P.S.: Mo - absolyut (haqiqiy) massa, M-molyar
massa, Mr - nisbiy molekulyar massa, u-massa atom birligi (m.a.b). (1 m.a.b = 1,66*10 ²⁴g),
Na - Avogadro doimiysi - 6,02*10²³mob1.
Mo -M / Na yoki Mo =M r u
u = l / Na A) - Moddalarning molyar massasini (g/mol) va absolyut (haqiqiyiy) massasini (g) hisoblang.
1. Fe₂(Si0₃)₃ M = 340 g/mol
M_o = 340 / 6,02*10²³ = 56,478-10^-23g yoki M_o = 340 * 1,66*10^-24 = 56,478-10^-23g
2. Marganes (VII) oksid - Мn₂О₇_____________________________________________
3. Fosfor (Ш) oksid - P₂O₃_______________________________________________
4. Xlor (V) oksid-Cl₂0₅_______________________________________________
5. Aluminiy sulfat - Аl(S0₄)₃ ____________________________________________________
6. Ammoniy fosfat - (NH₄)₃P0_{4_} _____________________________________________________
7. Xrom (III) asetat - Сг(СНзСОО)з _____________________________________________________
8. Kalsiy arsenat - Ca₃(As0₄)₂________________________________________
9. Aluminiy permanganat - Аl(МnO₄)₃ ____________________________________________________
10. Temir (III) peryodat - Fe(I0₄)₃___________________________________________
11. Mis kuporosi - CuSO₄ * 5H₂O ____________________________________________________
12. Berlin zangorisi - Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃ _____________________________________________________
13. Achchiqtosh - KAl(S0₄)₂ * 12H₂0 _____________________________________________________
14. Xlorofill - C₅₅H₇₂MgN₄0₅ ____________________________________________________
15. Gemogiobin - C₂₉₅₄H₄₅₁₆N₇₈₀S₁₂O₈₀₆Fe₄_________________________B ) - Jadvalni to’ldiring.

№	Birikma formulasi	Birikmaning molyar massasi	Birikmaning absolut massasi	X element simvoli
1	X2S3	288
2	X2O5		5.55 * 10^-22
3	PX3			Br
4	Al2X3		7.276 * 10^-22
5	X20	3900
6	CuXO4		4.253 * 10^-22
7	Al(XO4)3
8	Ca3(XO4)2		6.611 * 10^-22
9	X3(PO4)2	601
10	X2(SeO3)3		7.824 * 10^-22