MINISTRY OF ECONOMY Guidelines for the Regulation Impact Assessment
59
etc.) we keep seeing in the traditionally defined profit-making business.
This approach will allow us to employ a full range of instruments used
by business managers who want to establish the actual level of costs.
This would also allow to rationalise the cost management process by
introducing the principles of appropriate cost allocation in time and
space, e.g., through the separation of the costs of legislative work
components (not only the traditionally defined carriers—products and
cost-generating spots) which is usually done as part of the activity based
costing (ABC) interrelated within the system of overall process cost
budgeting (using the partial, framework basic, functional, flexible, and
step-wise budgeting techniques). Moreover, when analysing the cost
distribution in relation to the scale of the regulation’s impact, it would
be possible to take the cost paid by the community (or some other,
smaller group of subjects to be affected by the regulation) out of the
total cost amount and estimate the remaining part of the cost, which is a
variable cost that must be paid to gain the expected benefit. Thus, the
comparison of the cost size in the assumed extreme number of cases
would show which benefits must be reached to make the regulation
beneficial. This method, also described as the critical point method, is
used by most enterprises and it is simple enough that we could
transplant it on the soil of the AKK method to measure the regulation
impact.
The impacts (cost and benefit) of introducing a new regulation may be
spread over a longer period of time. Moreover, the costs and benefits
resulting from such a measure may have a diversified time-related
nature. For example, the most important and, often the only, cost of
regulation may be paid in the first year of the regulation’s life, while its
effects may come in later years. We can also imagine an opposite
scenario where the benefits are obtained immediately but the costs will
be paid later. And though we can also imagine that in the latter example
politicians will distance themselves from the costs by changing or
cancelling that regulation, the people will anyway pay the cost—
deliberately or not—assigned to other regulations as a result of
cancelling or modifying the original regulation. Since the distribution of
the regulation costs and benefits happens to be long and uneven, the
estimation of the measurable, comparable net impact of the regulation
from the perspective of the time when it was undertaken, will have to
keep the comparability of the deferred cost and benefit values. In other
words, the comparison of costs and benefits in the first year of the
regulation’s life with a similar group of costs and benefits in the
subsequent years should include the time factor affecting the yardsticks
used to measure the costs and benefits. If money is used as the
yardstick, we will have to convert the money’s purchasing power in the
individual years into a base year—the year when the analysis was done
and then taking into account the human inclination to delay the costs
and benefits. It is usually assumed—and practical life confirms it—that
money earned today is worth more than money earned tomorrow, while
the cost paid today is greater than the cost to be paid in future. A
method bringing the prospective flows of costs and benefits to current
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |