Grammar modal verbs. Modal verbs of probability, present and future



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grammar-unit12


All right? – Hi

Wicked! – Fantastic!

Nice one! – Well done!

A brew – a cup of tea/coffee

A sarniea sandwich

A Ruby (Murray) – a curry

Spag bol – spaghetti Bolognese

Fit – physically attractive

Rough – physically unattractive

Minging – physically unattractive

Lush – (of food, men, etc) delicious

Booze – alcohol

Lashed – terribly, terribly drunk

Heaving – (of a place) very busy

Loadedvery rich

Skint – very poor

Knackered – very tired

Naff – of inferior style/ taste

To chill – to relax

Sorted! – No problem!

No hassle! – No problem!

A bloke – a boy/ man

A copper – a policeman

A mate – a friend

To kip – to sleep

A pad – a house

A geek – someone lacking social skills

Cheers! – Thanks! or Good health! or Goodbye!
2. Can you guess the meaning of the slangy and colloquial phrases in bold?


  1. I searched high and low for my keys, but no joy.

  2. I found myself cooking for eighteen people the other night.

  3. My friend is always going on about his job.

  4. I wouldn’t have the first idea how to go about fixing a car, let alone telling anyone else how to fix theirs.

  5. David has only gone and got married!

  6. I had a bit of a dodgy stomach earlier, but now it’s sorted.

  7. I really hate people messing with my personal possessions, my hair, my head, and most of all – me.

  8. The bar last night was completely rammed. It was so packed we couldn’t find a place to stand.

  9. When a man gives a woman a compliment, you know he’s after something.

  10. £100 for a piece of toast? You’re having a laugh!

  11. £100 for a piece of toast? What a rip-off!

  12. In the morning I’m a real scatterbrain. I’d forget my head if it wasn’t screwed on!

  13. Are you reading this paper? – No, go right ahead.

  14. Do you want chips with that? – No, that’ll be it, thanks.

  15. I’ll be the first to admit, my cooking leaves a lot to be desired.

  16. When the girl taking my order kept on asking me if I wouldn’t rather have a salad, it took me a while to understand what she was getting at.

TEST YOURSELF

1. Grammar. Choose the correct answer.

1. ‘You … pay the bills today.’

‘I know. I promise I won’t forget.’

A would B shall C must

2. ‘… we go to the beach tomorrow?’

‘Yes, that’s a great idea.’

A Shall B Mustn’t C Would

3. ‘I’m going to the cinema. Do you want to come with me?’

‘No, thank you. I … do my work.’

A could B would C have to

4. ‘You … put that shirt in the washing machine.’

‘I know. It has to be dry-cleaned.’

A must B mustn’t C couldn’t

5. ‘Was your suitcase very heavy?’

‘Yes, but I … carry it by myself.’

A was able to B can’t C ought

6. ‘… you drive?’

‘Yes, but I haven’t got my own car.’

A Might B Should C Can

7. ‘I … ride a bicycle until I was eight.’

‘Neither could I.’

A couldn’t B could C can’t

8. ‘… you open the door for me, please?’

‘Yes, certainly.’

A Shall B Must C Would

9. ‘Ben had a hard time trying to find the leak in the pipe.’

‘But he … stop it, wasn’t he?’

A was allowed to B was able to C could

10. ‘I saw Tina in town last night.’

‘You …have seen her. She is on holiday in Spain.’

A would B could C can’t

11. ‘Where’s Colin?’

‘I’m not sure. He … be in the study.’
A might B will C ought

12. ‘I feel very tired today.’

‘You … have stayed up so late last night.’

A shouldn’t B could C mightn’t

13. ‘Did you phone Alan yesterday?’

‘No, I …. He came round to see me.’

A didn’t need to B needn’t C have to

14. ‘… you give me a lift to work tomorrow.’

‘Yes, I’ll pick you up at eight o’clock.’

A May B Shall C Will

15. ‘… I help you, madam?’

‘Yes, I’m looking for the manager.’

A Would B Must C May
2. Vocab. Suggest active vocabulary units corresponding to the following definitions


  1. (phr.v., inf.) to spoil or damage something, or to do something wrong or badly

  2. (inf.) to throw something carelessly

  3. (inf.) (a situation causing) difficulty or trouble

  4. a strong expression of anger and disapproval about something, made by a group of people or by the public

  5. someone who is taken as a prisoner by an enemy in order to force the other people involved to do what the enemy wants

  6. a television or radio programme

  7. describes a place where ghosts often appear

  8. to give something and be given something else instead; to exchange

  9. to disappear or stop being present or existing, especially in a sudden, surprising way

  10. (idiom) to be deserved under the circumstances

  11. (idiom) in a position of great happiness or success

  12. (idiom) be very different from something else

  13. (idiom) in a very remote place

  14. (idiom) to have a chance, as of gaining or accomplishing something.

  15. (idiom) to be overcome by one's feelings

ACTIVE VOCAB.


p. 94 (Learn the colloquialisms in V12.1)

p. 96 (Learn the words and phrases in V12.2), a news bulletin, flee (one’s homes, country, etc.), an adaptation, a playwright, a series of smth, a broadcast, cause panic, sue smb, a court case, fictious

p. 97 swap, take turns to do smth, pay a (phone) bill

p. 98 – 99 haunted, spooky, a werewolf, vanish, reveal, claim, give smb a talk on smth, take smb on a tour of, weird, an encounter, sufficient, (learn the words and phrases in V12.3), fortune-telling

R12.1 put smb straight through to (voicemail), it’s bound to…, work out, a mate, text smb, stare at smb

R12.7 get smb a drink, Cheers!, settle in to (a new flat), a (two)-bedroomed flat, move in, be keen to do smth, odd, the other day (night), next door, have a look, clothes from the fifties, vanish into thin air, hold one’s hands out, freezing cold, an option



Vocabulary plus: Idioms about feelings/opportunities.

Be on top of the world, get carried away, have a rough time, keep an eye on, stand a chance, be in two minds, get your act together, miss the boat, serve you right, be thrilled to bits
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