Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
ATTITUDES AND INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR
Another important element of individual behavior in organizations is
attitudes
—
complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas, situations, or
other people. Attitudes are important because they are the mechanism through which
most people express their feelings. An employee’s statement that he feels underpaid by
the organization reflects his feelings about his pay. Similarly, when a manager says that
she likes the new advertising campaign, she is expressing her feelings about the organiza-
tion’s marketing efforts.
Attitudes have three components. The affective component of an attitude reflects
feelings and emotions an individual has toward a situation. The cognitive component
of an attitude is derived from knowledge an individual has about a situation. It is important
to note that cognition is subject to individual perceptions (something we discuss more fully
later). Thus, one person might “know” that a certain political candidate is better than
another, whereas someone else might “know” just the opposite. Finally, the intentional com-
ponent of an attitude reflects how an individual expects to behave toward or in the situation.
To illustrate these three components, consider the case of a manager who places
an order for some supplies for his organization from a new office supply firm.
Suppose many of the items he orders are out of stock, others are overpriced, and
still others arrive damaged. When he calls someone at the supply firm for assistance,
he is treated rudely and gets disconnected before his claim is resolved. When asked
how he feels about the new office supply firm, he might respond, “I don’t like that
company [affective component]. They are the worst office supply firm I’ve ever dealt
with [cognitive component]. I’ll never do business with them again [intentional
component].” The “Sustainability Matters” section explores the potential link between
recycling behaviors and attitudes.
People try to maintain consistency among the three components of their attitudes as
well as among all their attitudes. However, circumstances sometimes arise that lead to con-
flicts. The conflict individuals may experience among their own attitudes is called
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: