Leadership Behaviors
Spurred on by their lack of success in identifying useful leadership traits, researchers
soon began to investigate other variables, especially the behaviors or actions of leaders.
The new hypothesis was that effective leaders somehow behaved differently from less
effective leaders. Thus, the goal was to develop a fuller understanding of leadership
behaviors.
Michigan Studies
Researchers at the University of Michigan, led by Rensis Likert,
began studying leadership in the late 1940s.
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Based on extensive interviews with both
leaders (managers) and followers (subordinates), this research identified two basic
forms of leader behavior: job centered and employee centered. Managers using
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