English literature the book is designed to acquaint students with the main outlines

Allegory (аллегория) - description of one thing under the name of another, the veiled presentation of the meaning metaphorically implied.


Allusion - a brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or fictitious, or to a work of art.


Angry Young Men (жаҳлдор ёшлар) - a trend in English literature which appeared in the 50s of the 20lhcentury as a result of a disillusionment in post-war reality.


Antagonist - a person or force that opposes the protagonist in a story or drama.


Aphorism (афоризм, ҳикматли сўз) - a short statement expressing a wise or clever observation about life.


Bard (бард, бахши) - a professional singer and poet among ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of heroes and their deeds.


Blank Verse (оҳ шеър)- poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. Blank verse attempts to sound like spoken English, so every line should not be perfectly regular.


Canto (қўшиқ) - one of the main divisions of a long poem.


Classicism (классисизм, мумтозийлик) - a movement in art and 1iterature which arose in the 17lhcentury in France. It revived the principles of antique Greek and Roman literature and art. Classicists cultivated in their works formal elegance, observance of balance, control of emotions. Their v/orks were marked by strict regulation of genre and styles.
Comedy (комедия) - a play of amusing character, in which either wit or good humor prevails, usually with a happy end.


D idactic ( д и д а к т и к , п а н д - н а с и ҳ а т б е р у в ч и , тарбиявий) - moralizing or instructive characteristic of literature.


E nlightenm ent ( м а ъ р и ф а т п а р в а р л и к ) . Tnis term characterizes the development of science and arts and the tri­ umph of reason over ignorance in the 17th and 18th centuries. Enlighteners were given this name because they considered en­ lightenment to be the only means by which reorganization of society could be brought about. The enlighteners wanted to bring knowledge, that is “light” to the people.


Epic - a long narrative poem in elevated style presenting the adventures of a central hero who possesses superhuman qualities and generally embodies national ideals.


Epiphany - a moment of heightened awareness that can oc­ cur as a result of a trivial encounter, object, or event; a moment of enlightenment in which the underlying truth, essential nature, or meaning of something is suddenly made clear.


Existentialism - is a philosophical movement lhat developed in Europe during the I9lh and 20th centuries. The movement is called existentialism because most of its members are primarily interested in the nature of existence or being, by which they usu­ ally mean human existence.