Encyclopedia of Islam



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Encyclopedia of  Islam

1938

  Death of Muhammad Iqbal, Indian intellectual 



and poet.

1941

  Iran invaded by British and Russian forces, and 



Reza Khan is forced to abdicate in favor of his 

son Muhammad Reza Shah in Iran.

  Jamaat-i Islami founded in India by Abu al-Ala 



Mawdudi.

1942–45

  Japanese occupy Indonesian territories and 



Malay Peninsula.

1943

  Lebanon becomes independent from France.



1945

  End of World War II. Foundation of the Arab 



League.

1946

  Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria obtain indepen-



dence from Britain and France.

1947

  Partition of India results in creation of Paki-



stan.

1948

  Establishment of the Jewish state of Israel; Arab-



Israeli war.

  Death of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, first leader of 



Pakistan.

1949

  Assassination of Hasan al-Banna, leader of the 



Muslim Brotherhood.

  Indonesia becomes independent.



1950

  Emirate of Jordan officially renamed the 



Hashimite Kingdom of Jordan.

1951

  Libya becomes independent.



1953

  Egyptian Free Officers depose monarchy and 



establish a republic.

  Mossadeq government in Iran overthrown in 



coup sponsored by the United States and Brit-

ain.


1954

  Beginning of Algerian war of liberation against 



France.

  Jamal Abd al-Nasir becomes president of 



Egypt.

1956

  Morocco and Tunisia become independent of 



France.

  Britain, France, and Israel precipitate Suez Cri-



sis by attacking Egypt to control the canal.

1957

  Daawa Party of Iraq founded. Malay Federation 



wins independence from British rule.

1958

  Revolution in Iraq under Abd al-Karim Qasim 



overthrows Hashemite monarchy and estab-

lishes the Republic of Iraq.



1962

  Algeria becomes independent from France. 



Muslim World League founded.



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