Encyclopedia of Islam



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Encyclopedia of  Islam

1338

  Death of Hajji Bektash, Sufi saint.



1369

  Death of Ibn Battuta, famed traveler and Maliki 



jurist.

1370–1405

  Timur (Tamerlane) establishes Timurid Empire 



in Central Asia, the Middle East, and South 

Asia.


1380–1918

  Ottoman Empire rules much of the Middle East 



and eastern Europe.

1406

  Death of the historian Ibn Khaldun.



1453

  Constantinople (Istanbul) falls to Ottomans and 



becomes the new Ottoman capital; Byzantine 

Empire ends.



1492

  Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabelle of Castile con-



quer Granada, ending Muslim rule in Andalusia.

1501

  Ismail I establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia.



  Twelve-Imam Shiism becomes the state religion 

of Iran.

1511

  The Saadi Sharifs establish Alid power in 



Morocco.

1517

  Ottomans conquer Egypt.



1520–66

  Reign of the Ottoman sultan Sulayman the 



Magnificent.

1526–1858

  Mughal dynasty rules India.



1529

  Ottomans lift first siege of Vienna and retreat.



1550

  Islam spreads to Sumatra, Java, the Moluccas, 



and Borneo.

1556–1605

  Reign of Akbar, Mughal emperor.



1571

  Christian fleet defeats Ottoman navy at Lep-



anto, marking the end of Ottoman dominance 

in the Mediterranean region.



1596

  Shah Abbas makes Isfahan the capital of the 



Safavid Empire.

1603

  Mughal emperor Jahangir begins rule in India.




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